Many Pakistanis are singing effusive praises of India on social media platforms and racking up millions of views, according to a report in the Indian mainstream media. These Pakistanis are boosting their earnings by feeding into the Indians' delusions. The "India Today" report claims that, in the last 6 months alone, the number of channels using the hashtag #pakistanireactiononindia on YouTube increased by 1,000, and the number of videos by 5,000. Calling it an "industry" is an acknowledgment of the profit motive of the Pakistani YouTubers. These YouTubers steer clear of anything that even remotely challenges their unadulterated praise of India. For example, they make no mention of India ranking worse than Pakistan on income poverty, hunger and overall happiness. Nor do they talk about thousands of Indian farmers killing themselves every year. Nor do they mention extremely high levels of unemployment in Modi's India.
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| Modi Claims "chhappan inch ki chhati" (56 inch chest) |
India's Population:
India is the world's most populous country with a population (1.4 billion) over 6 times larger than Pakistan's (230 million). India has the world's largest number of social media users and hundreds of millions of book readers. The profit motive for praising India extends beyond just the social media. It also includes book publishers and authors who see an opportunity to profit from it. India's English language book market is the world's third largest, behind that of the United States at the top and of the United Kingdom at number 2. It is the fastest growing market today which will make India the world's number 1 market in the next ten years. It could happen sooner if the book sales in the US and the UK decline faster or those in India grow more rapidly than they are already.
Indian Delusions:
Delusions are a symptom of mental disorders, and are characterized by a belief in something that is not true. Here's how India Today describes what it calls "The Praise India Industry" and how it is received by Indians:
"Indians love people from abroad lauding their achievements, but seem to derive the biggest satisfaction when Pakistanis gush over India's success. Pakistanis have understood that and have tapped into that, creating an entire industry of YouTubers in Pakistan".
India's leaders and their western boosters have been promoting the country as an emerging superpower to counter rising China. They cite the size of India's economy, demography, military and consumer market to back up their assertions. These claims are challenged by India's former chief economic advisor Arvind Subramanian and Josh Felman, former head of IMF in India, in an article titled "India's Size Illusion". In a similar article titled "The Chinese Threat No One Is Talking About — And How to Counter It", Sameer Lalwani, a senior fellow for Asia strategy at the Stimson Center, has raised serious questions about India's ability to counter China in the Indian Ocean region.
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| Akhand Bharat (Greater India) Mural in India's New Parliament Building |
Modi's 56 inch Chest:
"Desh ka bahut nuksaan hua hai", acknowledged Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi after his military's 2019 failures against Pakistan in Balakot and Kashmir. This marked a major shift in Modi's belligerent tone that has been characterized by his boasts of "chhappan inch ki chhati" (56 inch chest) and talk of "munh tor jawab" (jaw-breaking response) and "boli nahin goli" (bullets, not talks) to intimidate Pakistan in the last few years. These events should force India's western backers to reassess their strategy of boosting India as a counterweight to China.
India's Illusions:
Indian government's former Chief Economic Advisor Arvind Subramanian has enumerated and challenged arguments for what he calls "India's Size Illusion" as follows:
1. India’s economic size has not translated into commensurate military strength. Part of the problem is simple geography. (German Chancellor Otto Von) Bismarck (1815-1898) supposedly said that the US is bordered on two sides by weak neighbors and on two sides by fish. India, however, does not enjoy such splendid isolation. Ever since independence, it has been confronted on its Western frontier by Pakistan, a highly armed, chronically hostile, and often military-ruled neighbor. More recently, India’s northern neighbor, China, also has become aggressive, repudiating the territorial status quo, occupying contested land in the Himalayas, reclaiming territory in the east, and building up a large military presence along India’s borders. So, India may have fish for neighbors along its long peninsular coast, but on land it faces major security challenges on two fronts.
2. Then there is the question of market size. As Pennsylvania State University’s Shoumitro Chatterjee and one of us (Subramanian) have shown, India’s middle-class market for consumption is much smaller than the $3 trillion headline GDP number suggests, because many people have limited purchasing power while a smaller number of well-off people tend to save a lot. In fact, the effective size of India’s consumer market is less than $1 trillion, far smaller than China’s and even smaller relative to the potential world export market of nearly $30 trillion.
Indo-Pacific Dominance:
In an article titled "The Chinese Threat No One Is Talking About — And How to Counter It", Sameer Lalwani, a senior fellow for Asia strategy at the Stimson Center, has raised serious doubts about India's ability to counter China in the Indian Ocean region. Here are a couple of excerpts from the article:
1. China has been building dozens of advanced warships that seem poised to head toward the vast body of water through which 80 percent of global seaborne trade transits.....Indeed, a deeper (US) partnership with India — the world’s largest democracy, on an upward economic trajectory, seemingly perfectly positioned to counter China on land and at sea — has been something of a holy grail for at least four U.S. administrations.......Yet what former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton a decade ago called a “strategic bet” on India does not seem to be paying off. Indian naval and political power in the Indian Ocean region is faltering, giving way to influence by Beijing. Many of these problems are of India’s own making.
2. There is increasing discussion and advocacy among China’s foreign policy scholars and former officials about an Indian Ocean fleet. Indeed, the idea is consistent with China’s efforts to acquire military facilities in the Horn of Africa, on Pakistan’s Indian Ocean coast, in Myanmar and in the UAE, which offers access to the Persian Gulf. China has also engaged in intelligence collection efforts in the region and increased its port visits and diplomatic presence.
India's "Accidental" Missile Firing:
India's March 9 "accidental firing" of Brahmos nuclear-capable supersonic cruise missile into Pakistan has raised serious questions about the safety of the Indian nuclear arsenal. Do the people in charge of India's nukes have basic competence to handle such weapons? Was this really an "unauthorized" or "accidental" firing? Why was there a long delay by New Delhi in acknowledging the incident? Could Pakistan be blamed if it assumed that extremist right-wing Hindu elements had taken control of the missile system in India and fired it deliberately into Pakistani territory? Has the Indian government risked the lives of 1.6 billion people of South Asia?
Could this "errant" missile have brought down commercial passenger planes that were in the air at the time of this "accidental" firing? Here's an excerpt from Bloomberg detailing air traffic in the flight path of the Indian Brahmos:
"Several planes passed through the direct trajectory of the missile that day, which flew from the Indian garrison town of Ambala and ended up in Mian Channu in Eastern Pakistan. They included a Flydubai jet heading to Dubai from Sialkot, an IndiGo plane going from Srinagar to Mumbai and an Airblue Ltd. flight from Lahore to Riyadh. All crossed the missile’s trajectory within an hour of its accidental launch, data from flight-tracking application Flightradar24 show. Other international flights in the vicinity of the missile’s trajectory -- and within its range -- included a Kuwait Airways Co. jet heading to Guangzhou, China from Kuwait City, a Saudi Arabian Airlines flight to Riyadh from New Delhi, and a Qatar Airways service from Kathmandu to Doha, the data show. No advisory to pilots operating in the vicinity -- known as a notice to airmen or NOTAM -- was issued".
India: A Paper Elephant:
In an article titled "Paper Elephant", the Economist magazine talked about how India has ramped up its military spending and emerged as the world's largest arms importer. "Its military doctrine envisages fighting simultaneous land wars against Pakistan and China while retaining dominance in the Indian Ocean", the article said. It summed up the situation as follows: "India spends a fortune on defense and gets poor value for money".
"Its (India's) loss of a plane last week to a country (Pakistan) whose military is about half the size and receives a quarter (a sixth according to SIPRI) of the funding is telling. ...India’s armed forces are in alarming shape....It was an inauspicious moment for a military the United States is banking on to help keep an expanding China in check".
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55 comments:
Both Indian and Pakistani ultra-nationalists have their share of delusions. I have often seen signs of "delusion" in your own articles that underestimate Pakistan's economic woes and overestimate India's. For instance, even a cursory glance at the economic narratives about Pakistan and India by independent economists and analysts would show a key difference. While questions about Indian economy is largely about how its current economic growth is unequal and why it is "insufficient" to match China's rapid rise, to guarantee jobs to India's teeming working age population and to lift hundreds of millions of Indians out of poverty, the questions regarding Pakistan's economy revolve around how it can avoid a default and get out of a seemingly endless cycle of IMF bailouts. The difference I see is quite stark.
Secondly, India isn't as geographically weak as you assume it to be. Himalayas have always been a formidable barrier between Indian mainland and Tibet. The disputed regions between China and India like Aksai Chin and Arunachal Pradesh actually lie beyond the mountains in the Tibetan plateau, which is also why China treats its territorial claims in both places as legitimate. As for Pakistan, these days Indian strategists treat the country less as a threat (due to its seemingly perpetual political and economic turmoil) and more as an irritant (due its continued funding of jihadi groups in Kashmir). China is of course the formidable, long-term threat/competitor to Indian interests in the region and most of India's strategic investments and military buildup is geared towards defense against Chinese incursions or attacks. If Modi govt ministers are seemingly vocal about Pakistan and mum about China, it is precisely because they increasingly treat the former as inconsequential (except for domestic political narratives) and the latter as the opposite.
For that matter, is China in an enviable strategic position presently, with US increasingly positioning its warships and building military alliances around its coastal periphery? For China its primary strategic threat remains the US. Most of its military buildup is geared towards meeting the growing American challenge in the region and matching American military prowess. For the last several years (after the Galwan clashes) China has not shown an interest in escalating the border dispute with India and has instead been attempting to repair economic ties and to get the Indian market opened for Chinese investments once again. If China has been building military facilities and upgrading infrastructure along the border, so has India been. And China would know that further belligerence from their side would only push India into an even closer embrace with US strategic interests in the region. They will want to avoid that as a two-front threat isn't in their interest.
As for the Brahmos incident, though I do not know for certain if it was really technical issues, procedural lapses or human error that led to it, to assume "extreme right-wing Hindu elements" took control of an unarmed missile and fired it into Pakistan is even more far-fetched than the constantly hyped threat about jihadis taking control of Pakistan's nuclear arsenal.
Riaz,
There are many Muslims from India who live in India but their heart is pumping for Pakistan. Why don't they leave India?
Hemant: "Why don't they (Muslims) leave India?"
Vast majority of Indians, both Hindus and Muslims, would leave India if they could. But they are too poor and lack sufficient resources to leave India.
Those who can are leaving in droves.
Ever more undocumented Indian migrants follow ‘donkey’ route to America
By Karishma Mehrotra
https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2024/03/03/india-undocumented-immigrants/
Indians have come to make up the third-largest group of undocumented immigrants in the United States, according to the Pew Research Center’s 2021 estimates, which put the number of such Indians at 725,000. India is the only country in the top five outside Latin America, and since 2011, the number of undocumented Indians in the United States has grown by 70 percent, the fastest growth of all nationalities. Figures from U.S. Customs and Border Protection show that the number of undocumented Indian immigrants increased the fastest between 2020 and 2023.
Survey after survey shows that Indians are among the saddest people in the world.
https://www.riazhaq.com/2023/03/world-happiness-report-2023-india-among.html
World Happiness Report 2023: India Among World's Saddest Nations
India occupies 126th position among 137 nations ranked in the World Happiness Report 2023 released by the Sustainable Development Solutions Network. In South Asia, Pakistan (score 4.555) ranks 108, Sri Lanka 112, Bangladesh (4.282) 118 and India 126 (4.036). Only Taliban-ruled Afghanistan ranks worse at 137. Finland is the happiest nation in the world, followed by Denmark and Iceland in 2nd and 3rd place.
India would empty very quickly if the majority of Indians could afford an airline ticket to fly out.
13 Reasons Why a High IQ Can Make You Less Happy
https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/evolution-the-self/202111/13-reasons-why-high-iq-can-make-you-less-happy
SK: "13 Reasons Why a High IQ Can Make You Less Happy"
Talking about IQ, Indians' IQ is only 77, much lower than its neighbors', according to published data.
https://www.worlddata.info/iq-by-country.php
Another Indian delusion, alongside the delusion of grandeur, is the belief that India is a victim of China's aggression. To understand how this perception arises, we must consider the dramatic shift in India's geopolitical viewpoint after gaining independence from British rule. British historian Arnold Toynbee noted that while Indians were subjects of the British Crown, they were largely indifferent to British India's borders and even condemned the British Empire's annexation of distant territories as immoral. In 1921, India's Congress Party went so far as to urge neighboring states not to enter into treaties with the Imperial Power (the British Raj). However, once Indians assumed sovereignty, their perspective underwent a complete reversal. Suddenly, the once-distant lands of the British Indian Empire were seen as sacred Indian territory. Even more alarmingly, India began asserting territorial claims over areas that had never been claimed, let alone controlled, by the British Raj. In essence, aspiring to emulate the British Raj, India became expansionist in its own right.
In Arnold Toynbee's words:
"It is queer that lines drawn by British officials should have been consecrated as precious national assets of the British Indian Empire's non-British successor states. At the time when those lines were drawn the transaction produced no stir among the . . . Indian . . . subjects, as they then were, of the British crown. If any of them paid any attention to what Durand and McMahon were doing, they will have written it off as just another move in the immoral game of power politics that the British Imperialists were playing at the Indian tax-payers' expense. The present consecration of these British-made lines as heirlooms in the successor states' national heritages is an unexpected and unfortunate turn of History's wheel."
With respect to China, the best way to illustrate how this India delusion of being a victim of China's aggression is to give a chronological order of events leading to the present stalemate:
1912: In the first full year of the Republic of China after the fall of the Qing dynasty, the United States National Geographic Magazine dedicated an issue to China. Accompanying the issue is a large and detailed fold-out map of China. The map clearly shows that Dirang Dzong (德讓宗) and Tawang (達旺) are within the boundary of China.
1943: British India likely calculated that dealing with the Lhasa government was easier than with the Republic of China's Nationalist Government in extracting land concessions and proposed to the United States to recognize Tibet's right to exchange diplomatic representatives with other powers. The Americans rejected this proposal:
"The Government of the United States has borne in mind the fact that the Chinese Government has long claimed suzerainty over Tibet and that the Chinese constitution lists Tibet among areas constituting the territory of the Republic of China. This Government has at no time raised a question regarding either of those claims."
1944: British India annexed Dirang Dzong (德讓宗), a Tibetan-settled area. Dzong means fort in Tibetan. The Chinese Government (the Nationalist Government of the Republic of China, seated in Kunming at the time because of World War II) protested to the British. So did the Tibetan Lhasa government.
1945: British India intruded into the tribal area of South Tibet.
February 1947: The Chinese Nationalist Government lodged a complaint with the Indian mission, which was by then newly established in China, on British India's border intrusions into Chinese territory.
August 1947: Britain left South Asia, and India was created as the successor polity to the departed British. India's creation means that a country that historically did not exist suddenly appears on China's doorstep.
October 1947: The Tibetan Lhasa Government dispatched a formal request to New Delhi, asking the newly independent Indian Government to withdraw all its predecessors' intrusions into the territory between the McMahon Line and the traditional border beneath the foothills and return a wide swath of territory from Ladakh to Assam, including Sikkim and the Darjeeling district.
1949: When the defeat of the Nationalist Government in China's civil war was imminent, the Republic of China's ambassador in New Delhi reminded the Indian Government that China did not recognize the McMahon Line and held the Simla Convention invalid.
October 1949: The CCP (Chinese Communist Party) took control of the mainland, and its civil war rival, the Republic of China, retreated to Taiwan.
December 1949: India recognized the People's Republic of China as the legitimate government, effectively cutting off the diplomatic channel the Republic of China used to deliver its protests to India.
February 1951: India annexed Tawang (達旺), the birthplace of the Sixth Dalai Lama and home to the four-hundred-year-old Tawang Monastery. The Tibetan authorities in Lhasa protested but were simply informed by the Indian political officer that India was taking over Tawang. The Tibetans protested again, accusing the Indian Government of 'seizing as its own what did not belong to it.' The Tibetans went on to ask New Delhi to withdraw its forces from Tawang immediately. The protests were ignored. The Republic of China (which had already retreated to Taiwan by then and had no diplomatic relation with India) also vehemently denounced India's territorial travesty. Curiously the CCP (Chinese Communist Party) made no noise.
1954: India published a new map showing South Tibet as part of India. The map also shows the two neighbors of China, Sikkim and Bhutan, as part of India. Sikkim has been a neighbor of China for many hundreds of years and has enjoyed good relations. In the 18th century, Sikkim was briefly overrun by the Nepalese Gorkhas, and the Sikkim king fled to China seeking help. The then Qianlong emperor dispatched an expedition to Sikkim, expelled the Gorkhas, and restored Sikkim's sovereignty and independence. Sikkim remained unmolested for the rest of its history until it was annexed by India in 1975. Bhutan is another neighbor of China, and their proximity is evident simply by comparing the flags of Bhutan and the Qing dynasty of China.
January 1959: The CCP (Chinese Communist Party) commented for the first time on the issue of South Tibet when Zhou Enlai, in a letter to Nehru, offered to concede South Tibet to India. However, India rejected the offer, as it also claims Aksai Chin as part of India. Aksai Chin is located in an area that is very hard to access from the Indian side due to difficult terrain. This is evidenced by the fact that China was able to build a road there over two years without India even noticing, and India only became aware of it when reading an article from China describing the construction project. This clearly indicates that India not only has no control over the area but also lacks visual access to the region.
1960: India started establishing posts (border markers) north of South Tibet (north of the McMahon Line) and proclaiming that it has the right to unilaterally 'improve' the McMahon Line as it sees fit.
October 1962: After years of warning, China attacked India's position in South Tibet and recovered Tawang shortly. Three weeks later, in a second wave, China recovered the whole of South Tibet.
November 1962: China unilaterally withdrew back to the north of the McMahon line.
1975: India annexed Sikkim.
1987: India made South Tibet a state and renamed it the so-called Arunachal Pradesh. The Republic of China (Taiwan) put out a statement denouncing India. Here is the statement:
"In regard to the issue of the Indian government's illegal occupation of our country's territory and the establishment of the so-called 'Arunachal Pradesh,' the foreign ministry of the Republic of China issued the following announcement at midnight: India's illegal occupation of our country's territory has been repeatedly stated by the Government of the Republic of China as something it will not recognize. Recently, the Indian Congress unilaterally passed the establishment of 'Arunachal Pradesh' to the south of the so-called McMahon Line. The Indian Government also made it a state. The Government of the Republic of China once again solemnly proclaims that the Government of India intends to legitimize its illegal occupation of Chinese territory. The Government of the Republic of China regards this as illegal, void, and absolutely not recognized."
2008: With the return of Hong Kong to China, Britain effectively withdrew from its colonial involvement in Asia, and Tibet lost its utility as a potential bargaining chip in British negotiations with China concerning Hong Kong. With no remaining interests in Tibet, Britain could afford to be forthright for once. The British government issued a statement acknowledging China's sovereignty over Tibet (previously recognized as suzerainty, not sovereignty). This statement, endorsed by both the Conservative and Labour parties, is notable for its candor in admitting Britain's past territorial ambitions in Tibet and adopts an almost apologetic tone. Here is an excerpt:
"...But our position is unusual for one reason of history that has been imported into the present: the anachronism of our formal position on whether Tibet is part of China, and whether in fact we harbour continued designs to see the break-up of China. We do not.
Our ability to get our points across has sometimes been clouded by the position the UK took at the start of the 20th century on the status of Tibet, a position based on the geopolitics of the time. Our recognition of China's "special position" in Tibet developed from the outdated concept of suzerainty. Some have used this to cast doubt on the aims we are pursuing and to claim that we are denying Chinese sovereignty over a large part of its own territory. We have made clear to the Chinese Government, and publicly, that we do not support Tibetan independence. Like every other EU member state, and the United States, we regard Tibet as part of the People's Republic of China. "
2014: A Tibetan Chinese named Nido Tania from Arunachal Pradesh (occupied South Tibet) went to Delhi and was beaten to death because he 'looked Chinese.'
2024: In the 1990s, India subtly probed the People's Republic of China (PRC), leading to the inference that China's position on South Tibet had hardened, despite the PRC officially maintaining ambiguity on the matter. It has become evident that China's earlier offer to cede South Tibet is no longer available, as China has explicitly stated that South Tibet is part of its territory. This stance mirrors the positions of both the Tibetan Lhasa Government and its civil war rival, the Republic of China (Taiwan).
In hindsight, India had a chance to settle its border with China to its advantage, but it was too greedy because it also claims Aksai Chin, an area that neither British India nor India has ever controlled. However, that opportunity has now passed. It's like they say, "never miss an opportunity to miss an opportunity." It is evident that India is behaving in a manner reminiscent of how the British might have acted if they had not left the subcontinent. No one would argue that British India was a victim of China's aggression, yet this is the narrative India wishes to propagate. One can understand India's current apprehension towards China, given that it holds onto disputed territory while the rightful owner grows stronger. Nevertheless, this sense of threat from China is entirely self-inflicted, and India has no one to blame but itself.
Let's see how data driven you are. Juxtapose the following current numbers with your citation of Arvind Subramaniam and Josh Feldman from 2022 - barely post COVID
{India's} "Defence exports have touched a record Rs 21,083 crore (approx. US$ 2.63 Billion) in the Financial Year (FY) 2023-24, a growth of 32.5% over the last fiscal when the figure was Rs 15,920 crore. The recent figures indicate that the defence exports have grown by 31 times in the last 10 years as compared to FY 2013-14"
Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
India exports for 2022 was $778.55B, a 14.87% increase from 2021.
India exports for 2021 was $677.77B, a 35.63% increase from 2020.
India exports for 2020 was $499.73B, a 5.58% decline from 2019.
India exports for 2019 was $529.25B, a 1.74% decline from 2018.
" India's Fast Moving Consumer Goods market was valued at 110 billion U.S. dollars in 2020. Compared to 2012, the market size of fast-moving consumer goods had tripled."
Subramaniam and Felman 2022: "But India has calculated that, because it is indispensable to addressing the rise of China, its stance toward the Russia-Ukraine conflict will have no serious consequences for its relations with the West."
India-US 2024, just after the elections:
India, US release joint fact sheet after Critical and Emerging Technology initiative talks in Delhi
Key points
1. Significant Funding Commitments: $90 million for Global Challenges Institute focusing on technology.
2. NASA-ISRO Collaboration: Joint NASA-ISRO astronaut mission to International Space Station initiated.
3. Defense Space Technology: ISRO astronauts to receive advanced training at NASA facilities.
4. Telecommunications Advances: Open RAN Roadmap finalized for large-scale deployment in both countries.
5. Biotechnology Collaboration: Track 1.5 Biopharmaceutical Supply Chain Consortium launched for resilience.
6. Semiconductor Partnership: Strategic partnership for semiconductor design and manufacturing established.
7. Critical Minerals Partnership: India’s role in Mineral Security Partnership promoted and expanded.
8. Quantum and AI Cooperation: New quantum science initiatives and expanded AI research collaborations initiated.
9. Defense Industrial Cooperation: Progress on MQ-9B acquisition and co-production initiatives achieved.
10. Innovation Partnerships: Joint research projects and STEM partnerships deepened across strategic sectors
Considering Pakistanis living in a country with perpetual political instability, rising terror attacks and a nearly bankrupt economy seems "happier" than neighbouring Indians with a much more stable political system and economy, I am curious to know how something as qualitative as "happiness" is actually measured in these surveys. Perhaps Pakistanis find "happiness" in all the adversities by putting their faith in God while Indians do not?
To understand the relative happiness scores, you have to understand that the Indian economy is enriching a few at the expense of the vast majority of Indians.
Pakistan has a huge informal economy that creates lots of jobs and income that are not accounted for in the headline GDP numbers.
On the other hand, Modi has killed India's informal economy on which hundreds of millions of Indians depended for their livelihoods.
Read this from the Wall Street Journal:
To Understand India’s Economy, Look Beyond the Spectacular Growth Numbers - The Wall Street Journal.
https://www.wsj.com/world/india/to-understand-indias-economy-look-beyond-the-spectacular-growth-numbers-31f5dd11
But the way India calculates its gross domestic product can at times overstate the strength of growth, in part by underestimating the weakness in its massive informal economy. There are also other indicators, such as private consumption and investment, that are pointing to soft spots. Despite cuts to corporate taxes, companies don’t appear to be spending on expansions.
-------------
BENGALURU, India—India is set to be the world’s fastest-growing major economy this year, but economists say the country’s headline growth numbers don’t tell the whole story.
The South Asian nation’s gross domestic product grew at more than 8% in its fiscal year ended in March compared with the previous year, driven by public spending on infrastructure, services growth, and an uptick in manufacturing. That would put India well ahead of China, which is growing at about 5%, and on track to hit Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s goal of becoming a developed nation by 2047.
But the way India calculates its gross domestic product can at times overstate the strength of growth, in part by underestimating the weakness in its massive informal economy. There are also other indicators, such as private consumption and investment, that are pointing to soft spots. Despite cuts to corporate taxes, companies don’t appear to be spending on expansions.
“If people were optimistic about the economy, they would invest more and consume more, neither of which is really happening,” said Arvind Subramanian, a senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics and former chief economic adviser to the Modi government.
Private consumption, the biggest contributor to GDP, grew at 4% for the year, still slower than pre-pandemic levels. What’s more, economists say, it could have been even weaker if the government hadn’t continued its extensive food-subsidy program that began during the pandemic.
The problem is driven in part by how India emerged from the pandemic. Big businesses and people who are employed in India’s formal economy are generally doing well, but most Indians are in the informal sector or agriculture, and many of them lost work.
While India’s official data last year put unemployment at around 3%, economists also closely track data from the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy, a private economic research firm. It put unemployment at 8% for the year ended March.
At a small tea-and-cigarette stall in the southern city of Bengaluru, 55-year-old Ratnamma said many of her customers in the neighborhood, which once bustled with tech professionals and blue-collar workers, have moved out of the city and returned to rural villages. Some have come back, but she has fewer customers than she once did.
“Where did everyone go?” she said.
She makes about $12 a day in sales, she said, compared with as much as $100 on a good day in the past. It isn’t enough to cover her living expenses or repay a business loan she took out six months ago.
Economists say that the informal sector has been through three shocks in a decade—a 2016 policy aimed at tax evasion called “demonetization” that wiped out 90% of the value of India’s paper currency, a tax overhaul the following year that created more paperwork and expenses for small businesses, and the pandemic.
Pakistan has a serious mob violence problem surrounding allegations of blasphemy. It is highly condemnable. But at least the perpetrators of such violence are arrested and prosecuted by the state.
On the other hand, mass mob violence and lynchings of Muslims in India are supported by the state.
Modi's India: Empowering the Mob, Disempowering the State
Sushant Singh
In no other modern civilised society have so many men been publicly lynched as have been in India.
https://thewire.in/communalism/modis-india-empowering-the-mob-disempowering-the-state
From Manipur to Mewat, Narendra Modi’s new India doesn’t portray a pretty picture. It is a holy mess. The shift in nomenclature from Amrit Kaal (auspicious period) to Kartavya Kaal (period of duty) has been marked by a complete dereliction of duty by the country’s top political leadership. It has hampered the security forces, which have consequently failed to bring the violence under control. But this is no ordinary violence of a communal riot or a socio-economic protest that independent India has been witness to many a time in the first seven decades of its existence. It is not even an insurgency like Kashmir or Punjab or Nagaland or Mizoram. The violence is not due to criminal gangs shooting each other on the streets of Mumbai. These are not misguided youth taking up guns to bring about a communist revolution. This is different: violence with a difference.
It is the violence unleashed by the mobs. Mobs, who have been empowered by the state. The political leadership is not simply condoning their action or looking away; it is using these mobs as an extension of the State against a minority community. In Manipur, the majoritarian Meitei mobs are enabled by allowing ransacking of lethal weapons and ammunition from the police armouries. The proof lies in the bewildering fact that not a single miscreant was caught or shot by the cops as these armouries were supposedly being looted. Call it connivance or collusion or co-option, or all of the above, the mobs are the masters of this universe.
The state doesn’t control them; they control the state and are aware of their power. Invariably, these mobs belong to the majority community and are politically from the same parivar as the party ruling the state and the Centre. It is the reason they are empowered in the first place. Their public acceptance as custodians of their religion, popular culture and public morality is devoid of any mandate, except their brute power to inflict violence. It would not be incorrect to see them as adherents of VD Savarkar’s dictum, as cited by Prof Vinayak Chaturvedi, that “Hindus understand themselves as Hindus through acts of violence”. The danger lies in these mobs trying to ensure what Savarkar desired of Hindus: they “needed to embrace permanent war as part of their future”.
When a RPF cop Chetan Singh identifies, selects and kills Muslims, that future seems to be upon us now. He is not a lone wolf but the representative of an empowered mob. The lines between the mob and cops have blurred. In both Manipur and Mewat, this mob is indistinguishable from the cops. In fact, many reports show the two working in tandem, jointly targeting the minority community. In Chaturvedi’s words, “the poor, marginalised, and subordinated sometimes resort to violence, often genocidal in nature – at times in collaboration with the state, in other instances independent of it – in order to stake a claim within…to make history as killers in the name of Hindutva”.
Because Indians have low IQ they are CEO's of the largest IT companies in the world whereas its western neighbour is begging for help.
BS: "Because Indians have low IQ they are CEO's of the largest IT companies in the world"
A few Indians who have become successful overseas were smart enough not to stay in India. They are exceptions, not the rule as far as IQ is concerned.
Around 4,300 millionaires are expected to migrate from India this year, with a significant number choosing to settle in the UAE, according to a recent report by Henley and Partners, an international investment migration advisory firm.
https://www.newindiaabroad.com/english/news/4300-indian-millionaires-set-to-migrate-this-year-many-opting-for-uae-report#:~:text=Around%204%2C300%20millionaires%20are%20expected,international%20investment%20migration%20advisory%20firm.
Average Indian IQ is just 76.24, ranking it 138th in the world.
Note: Average Pakistani IQ score is 84, and average Chinese IQ score is 104.
https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/travel/destinations/revealed-worlds-smartest-nations-know-indias-rank/photostory/107187581.cms
While IQ is often preferred in discussions about intellect, it has limitations, particularly in areas such as comprehension, making it not entirely precise for a comprehensive evaluation. Nevertheless, the ranking is as follows, where India occupies 138th position with a score of 76.24.
Jayant Bhandari
@JayantBhandari5
The fastest growing economy in the world, India, is sending shiploads, trainloads and planeloads of people to the USA. What would the US fast food chains do without Indians?
https://x.com/JayantBhandari5/status/1804692050274820477
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A new $72,000 migrant smuggling route to the US starts with a charter flight, and many Indians are waiting to board - The Economic Times
https://m.economictimes.com/nri/migrate/a-new-72000-migrant-smuggling-route-to-the-us-starts-with-a-charter-flight-and-many-indians-are-waiting-to-board/articleshow/111167134.cms
When a Legend Airlines Airbus A340 landed at San Salvador airport on July 15 after an 18-hour flight from the United Arab Emirates, its crew quickly realized something was wrong.
Salvadoran officials refused to connect the jet bridge to allow the roughly 300 passengers, all Indian nationals, to disembark, according to three former crew members on the flight who spoke to Reuters on condition of anonymity.
Several passengers told the cabin crew they planned to travel onward to Mexico and cross the border there illegally into the U.S., one crew member said. Others said they were going on vacation to the Mexican border city of Tijuana, another crew member said.
Salvadoran officials were already on high alert when the flight landed. Several months earlier, U.S. and Salvadoran authorities had noticed an unusual pattern of charter aircraft landing in El Salvador carrying primarily Indian nationals.
The planes were arriving full and leaving empty, a U.S. official said. And some passengers claiming to be tourists brought only a backpack for weeks-long trips. U.S. authorities later discovered that nearly all of the charter passengers disembarking in San Salvador had crossed the border into the U.S., the official said.
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About 9% of irregular crossings at the U.S. border in the 2023 fiscal year involved migrants from outside Latin America, or about 188,000 people, according to U.S. Department of Homeland Security data. A decade ago, people from outside the Americas accounted for barely 1% of irregular arrivals.
The Biden administration attributes the historic levels of migration to global economic and political instability. Trump has blamed the high border crossings on Biden's policies.
Indian nationals were the largest single group from outside the Americas encountered at the border last year, comprising about 42,000 arrivals. Migrants from 15 West African countries accounted for another 39,700, with most from Senegal and Mauritania.
The Biden administration has been working with some regional governments as well as travel companies to curb the flow of migrants.
In March, it began revoking U.S. visas for owners and executives of charter airlines and other companies thought to be facilitating smuggling. The State Department's Jacobstein declined to name individuals or companies affected or how many had faced restrictions. Reuters was unable to independently establish which companies had been targeted.
In May, the administration warned commercial airlines to be on the lookout for passengers who might be intending to migrate illegally to the U.S. Apprehensions on the border in April fell 48% from December, U.S. government data show, which U.S. officials attribute in part to tougher enforcement by Mexico.
El Salvador's Vice President Felix Ulloa said in an interview that his government has "permanent, constant, and effective" collaboration with the U.S. to fight irregular migration. The introduction of visa requirements and $1,000 transit fees on citizens of India and many African nations last October has "drastically reduced" the number of migrants transiting through San Salvador, he said.
But as some routes for illegal migration get squeezed, others open up.
It is ironic then that a country endowed with a supposedly higher IQ population is actually doing worse - politically and economically. What went wrong? Why is India's economy and political system seemingly so much more stable than Pakistan's?
The spike in mob violence and religious riots that India experienced after 2014 was largely due to, and directed by the ruling political group (BJP and the Sangh parivar). If we look further back, the Gujarat riots of 2002 wasn't organic, as it was directed by the ruling BJP government in the state. Similarly, Congress leaders were responsible for leading anti-Sikh riots in Delhi after Indira Gandhi's assassination in 1984. That said, these days you don't hear about as many instances of mob lynching and communal riots here as in the past (other than Manipur where the raging conflict has an ethnic dimension) as the ruling party appears to have reined them somewhat due to international backlash. Communal disturbances do continue to occur, but their frequency and intensity have reduced a bit during the last couple of years. On the other hand, in the case of Pakistan the frequent instances of mob violence against Ahmadis and Christians in the name of "blasphemy", and the "forced conversions" of Hindu girls appears to be more of a societal problem. It isn't as easy to rein in as that directed by a particular group.
As far as I can see, the scale of the undocumented "informal" economy of Pakistan is one of the major reasons for country's economic woes due to rampant tax evasion. If Pakistan were to finally bring this "informal" economy under the tax net (which the governments seem afraid to do), do you think the country would be as "happy" as it is now? India's tax-to-GDP ratio is much higher than Pakistan's which is why its macro-economic fundamentals are far more stable.
Polarization and prejudice are inherited core values of both Pakistan and India. They inherited that at birth and anyone smart and cunning enough will use it for political gain. To single out India and present Pakistan as some utopia is both misleading and false. Of course as a matter of winning a debate the Mr Haq plays the final hand. Truth is simply an inconvenience.
#Pakistan’s 27% #Stock Rally (in US$ terms) Leads in Asia With More Gains Seen. #India stocks up 8% so far in 2024. The case for more #KSE100 gains is strengthening on the back of one of the cheapest valuations in #Asia #economy #IMF https://finance.yahoo.com/news/pakistan-27-stock-rally-leads-230003131.html?guccounter=1
https://x.com/haqsmusings/status/1805965145941966996
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(Bloomberg) -- The bull run in Pakistani stocks looks to have more legs as signs of improving economic conditions bolster the outlook for Asia’s best-performing market this year.
https://finance.yahoo.com/news/pakistan-27-stock-rally-leads-230003131.html?guccounter=1
The case for more gains is strengthening on the back of one of the cheapest valuations in Asia and the budget laying the groundwork to secure a new loan from the International Monetary Fund, according to strategists. A stable rupee and easing inflation boosting the prospect for rate cuts are other positives.
The KSE 100 Index, which has outperformed Asian peers with a 27% surge in dollar terms this year, is likely to further extend gains by 10% by year-end, according to brokerages Topline Securities Ltd. and Arif Habib Ltd.
“There’s a lot of juice left in this rally,” said Ali Hussain, head of research at Dubai-based Frontier Investment Management Partners Ltd. “Cheap valuations, high positive real rates and a fairly valued currency make a very attractive case right now,” he said.
Even while the stocks tested new record highs in recent days, the index remains quite cheap, with a one-year forward earnings-based valuation of 3.8 times, a 50% discount to its lifetime average.
Pakistan earlier this month raised taxes on several industries including cement, automobile and steel to support the government’s finances as it looks to comply with the IMF guidelines. The IMF program is critical for the country to help meet its debt payments of about $24 billion in the next fiscal year.
Still, the beleaguered nation remains exposed to political instability given the split mandate in February this year. The main coalition partner - Pakistan Peoples Party — could easily walk away in the event of a public backlash to austerity measures taken to fulfill the IMF’s conditions for loans, according to Bloomberg Economics. That may even topple the government, BE said.
The KSE 100’s 14-day relative strength index surpassed the 70 level on Thursday. That is typically seen as representing overbought levels, raising the prospect of a correction.
Meanwhile, investors remain bullish. The market momentum over the next two to three years is likely to be driven by foreign buying, earnings growth and robust local liquidity, according to Karachi-based securities firm Arif Habib.
“With the new IMF program spanning the next three years, we anticipate a favorable external position, supporting continued bullish market sentiment,” said Bilal Khan, head of institutional equity sales at Arif Habib.
Hemant Patel said...
Riaz,
There are many Muslims from India who live in India but their heart is pumping for Pakistan. Why don't they leave India?
----
I wouldn't be surprised if you are one of American Hindutwa propagandist. Where do you have the data for that? It was never the case. Among Indian Hindus as well, there are probably other things to worry than Pakistan.
@Riaz
RRajan is hardly a cheer leader of Hindutwa or Modi. But worth reading structural advantages that India has.
https://www.project-syndicate.org/onpoint/an-interview-with-raghuram-rajan-and-rohit-lamba-breaking-the-mold-india-development-model-2024-05
Zen: "RRajan is hardly a cheer leader of Hindutwa or Modi. But worth reading structural advantages that India has"
The idea of tradable service sector generating mass employment in India has been talked about for a long time.
From Bloomberg:
Expanding India’s manufacturing capacity is critical to boosting growth. The service sector simply doesn’t create enough jobs and generally recruits from the educated labor pool, whereas the manufacturing sector relies more heavily on large numbers of less skilled workers — a key force that helped power China’s economy and put its massive labor force to work.
“We have this very large, surplus labor in agriculture that cannot tomorrow start writing code,” said Sabyasachi Kar, professor at the Institute of Economic Growth, a Delhi think tank. Manufacturing “is the process through which we have to bring these people out of the agriculture sector and into employment.”
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2024-04-07/can-india-overtake-china-as-world-s-growth-engine-it-could-happen-by-2028
--------------
Another view:
In India, the services sector now contributes 48 per cent of value added, but employs only 31 per cent of the workforce. Not only is the source of growth in services not enabling massive job creation, but these jobs also require a high level of qualification, which few Indian workers have.
https://www.equaltimes.org/can-india-the-world-s-most?lang=en
India is a country that has learned the art of floating for last 75 years. It could not lift herself out of poverty like China or Malaysia did, but did not fall into civil war like in Afpak either. Some source of relief for Indians have always been immigration, like you always make a point out of.
However, as demography shifts by ageing, it will be interesting. The rest will not be keen on Indians older than 60 years and will put massive strain on society. RGR in his book suggests reaching an escape velocity before demography shift happens in 2040, by moving into high end services instead of pursuing blindly a Chinese model that worked well for China 40 years ago.
Pakistan has a huge informal economy that creates lots of jobs and income that are not accounted for in the headline GDP numbers.c
The problem with Pakilands informal economy is that it is like the Emperor's New Clothes, visible only to the Emperor (Brofessor sb) and no one else. Else it would have showed up in the consumption numbers. Consider the following
IND has 6X Pak's population but
Consumes more than 15X power
Consumers 12X more cement domestically
Sells more than 30X as many cars
Sells more than 15X as many two wheelers
Has fewer children out of school
Has substantially lower infant mortality rates
Has substantially lower multidimensional poverty scores
In short, PAK is nowhere close to IND in economic scores. It may well be a happier nation- but the sources of those happiness lie elsewhere- lower social stratification, less communal disharmony etc
Regards
Majumdar: "In short, PAK is nowhere close to IND in economic scores. It may well be a happier nation- but the sources of those happiness lie elsewhere- lower social stratification, less communal disharmony etc"
The consumption comparison you offer is highly misleading. It hides what Princeton economist Ashoka Mody calls India's "lived reality" in a highly unequal society.
A report released this week by the World Inequality Lab shows that the income/wealth inequality in India is worse than it was during the British Raj.
An earlier United Nations report on inequality in Pakistan published in April 2021 revealed that the richest 1% Pakistanis take 9% of the national income. A quick comparison with other South Asian nations shows that the 9% income share for the top 1% in Pakistan is lower than 15.8% in Bangladesh and 21.4% in India. These inequalities result mainly from a phenomenon known as "elite capture" that allows a privileged few to take away a disproportionately large slice of public resources such as public funds and land for their benefit.
Average MPCE (Monthly Per Capita Consumption Expenditure) for Indian Muslims is only Rs. 2,170. Average MPCE for upper caste Hindus is Rs. 3,321, the highest of all groups. Lower caste Hindus fare much worse than upper caste Hindus, according to Indian government data.
Average MPCE (Monthly Per Capita Consumption Expenditure) for Muslims is only Rs. 2,170, lower than Rs. 2,470 for Hindus, Rs. 3,194 for Christians. Average MPCE for upper caste Hindus is Rs. 3,321, the highest of all groups.
The fact is that the average monthly per capita expenditure (MPCE) in Pakistan was PKR 5,959 in 2019-20, the year closest to the 2021-22 for which the Indian MPCE data is available. Using the 2019 average exchange rate of 2.136 PKR to INR, this works out to MPCE of INR 2,789 in Pakistan, higher than for Indian Hindus (INR 2,470) and Muslims (INR 2,170). As to the cost of living in the two countries, Pakistan is 15.8% cheaper than India without rent and 20.1% cheaper with rent, according to Numbeo.
While it is true the Pakistani currency has suffered significant devaluation in the last couple of years, there have been large increases in wages. Pakistan's minimum wage has increased 14 times since 2001, from 14% to 67%. The minimum wage for unskilled workers in 2023 is 32,000 Pakistani rupees per month, up from 25,000 rupees in 2022. The cost of living has been a key factor in determining the new rate.
Brofessor sb,
MPCE of INR 2,789 in Pakistan, higher than for Indian Hindus (INR 2,470) and Muslims (INR 2,170).
While this is true, the world has moved on from income poverty to multidimensional poverty. May I remind you that it was YOU who first introduced the concept of MDP to Indo-Pak bloggers.
While Pak has higher income, fact is that the average Paki citizen gets little from the state, whereas the Indian citizen gets substantially higher support from the govts in terms of income transfers, free grains, free education, healthcare etc. Here are some numbers for your benefit.
For India the score is 0.069 (16% headcount in poverty, 42% extent of deprivation among the multidimensional poor) ahead of NEP 0.074 (17.5%, 42%), BD 0.104 (24.6%, 42%), PAK 0.198 (38.3%, 52%). SL still remains tops in South Asia with a score of 0.011.
Some of the key deprivation numbers on various indices for IND, PAK and BD in that order.
Nutrition- 11.8,27.0, 8.7- BD is the clear outperformer
Child mortality- 1.5,5.9, 1.3- BD again
Schooling- 7.7, 24.8, 6.5- India leads has done so historically, hopefully ModiGee will not run it down
Cooking fuel- 13.9, 31.2, 22.8- IND has substantially improved courtesy ModiGee and Ujjwala
Drinking water- 2.7, 7.9, 1.4- All three have done quite well
Bijlee- 2.1, 7.1, 4.6- All three doing OK, again ModiGee with Ujala scheme leading the way
Housing- 13.6, 30.6, 22.8- IND outperformer thanks to ModiGee PM Awas Yojna
Assets- 5.6, 12.2, 15.9- Modi again seals it with Jan Dhan Yojana plus overall higher GDP and savings rate
Sanitation- 11.3, 21.7, 15.3 From being a global embarrassment to best among three thanks to Swachh Bharat Mission!
These factors have resulted in India showing longer life expectancy, fewer out of school children and lower infant mortality.
Regards
Majumdar: "For India the score is 0.069 (16% headcount in poverty, 42% extent of deprivation among the multidimensional poor) ahead of NEP 0.074 (17.5%, 42%), BD 0.104 (24.6%, 42%), PAK 0.198 (38.3%, 52%). SL still remains tops in South Asia with a score of 0.011"
India's scores are based on data produced by Modi government.
There are serious questions about Modi govt stats.
There has not been a national population census in India since 2011.
And claims by Modi govt about socioeconomic indicators are just not reliable.
For example, Modi's claim that all Indian villages have been electrified on his watch glosses over the definition: only public buildings and 10% of households need a connection for the village to count as such. And three years after Mr Modi declared India “open-defecation free”, millions of villagers are still purging al fresco. An absence of up-to-date census information makes it harder to check such inflated claims. It is also a disaster for the vast array of policymaking reliant on solid population and development data.
Postponing India’s census is terrible for the country
But it may suit Narendra Modi just fine
https://www.economist.com/asia/2023/01/05/postponing-indias-census-is-terrible-for-the-country
Narendra Modi often overstates his achievements. For example, the Hindu-nationalist prime minister’s claim that all Indian villages have been electrified on his watch glosses over the definition: only public buildings and 10% of households need a connection for the village to count as such. And three years after Mr Modi declared India “open-defecation free”, millions of villagers are still purging al fresco. An absence of up-to-date census information makes it harder to check such inflated claims. It is also a disaster for the vast array of policymaking reliant on solid population and development data.
----------
Three years ago India’s government was scheduled to pose its citizens a long list of basic but important questions. How many people live in your house? What is it made of? Do you have a toilet? A car? An internet connection? The answers would refresh data from the country’s previous census in 2011, which, given India’s rapid development, were wildly out of date. Because of India’s covid-19 lockdown, however, the questions were never asked.
Almost three years later, and though India has officially left the pandemic behind, there has been no attempt to reschedule the decennial census. It may not happen until after parliamentary elections in 2024, or at all. Opposition politicians and development experts smell a rat.
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For a while policymakers can tide themselves over with estimates, but eventually these need to be corrected with accurate numbers. “Right now we’re relying on data from the 2011 census, but we know our results will be off by a lot because things have changed so much since then,” says Pronab Sen, a former chairman of the National Statistical Commission who works on the household-consumption survey. And bad data lead to bad policy. A study in 2020 estimated that some 100m people may have missed out on food aid to which they were entitled because the distribution system uses decade-old numbers.
Similarly, it is important to know how many children live in an area before building schools and hiring teachers. The educational misfiring caused by the absence of such knowledge is particularly acute in fast-growing cities such as Delhi or Bangalore, says Narayanan Unni, who is advising the government on the census. “We basically don’t know how many people live in these places now, so proper planning for public services is really hard.”
World Inequality Report: Over 85% Of Indian Billionaires From Upper Castes, None From Scheduled Tribes
https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/world-inequality-report-over-85-of-indian-billionaires-from-upper-castes-none-from-scheduled-tribes-5974949
India's income and wealth inequality, which declined post-independence, began to rise in the 1980s and has soared since the 2000s. Between 2014-15 and 2022-23, the increase in top-end inequality has been particularly striking in terms of wealth concentration. The top 1 per cent of income and wealth shares are now at their highest historical levels. Specifically, the top 1 per cent control over 40 per cent of total wealth in India, up from 12.5 per cent in 1980, and they earn 22.6 per cent of total pre-tax income, up from 7.3 per cent in 1980
This dramatic rise in inequality has made the "Billionaire Raj," dominated by India's modern bourgeoisie, more unequal than the British Raj. It places India among the most unequal countries globally. Current estimates indicate that it takes just ₹ 2.9 lakhs per year to be in the top 10 per cent of income earners and₹ 20.7 lakhs to join the top 1 per cent . In stark contrast, the median adult earns only about ₹ 1 lakh, while the poorest have virtually no income. The bottom 50 per cent of the population earns only 15 per cent of the total national income.
To fully grasp the skewed income distribution, one would have to be close to the 90th percentile to earn the average income. In terms of wealth, an adult needs ₹ 21 lakhs to be in the wealthiest 10 per cent and ₹ 82 lakhs to enter the top 1 per cent . The median adult holds approximately ₹ 4.3 lakhs in wealth, with a significant portion owning almost no wealth. The bottom 50 per cent holds only 6.4 per cent of the total wealth, while the top 1 per cent owns 40.1 per cent , and the top 0.001 per cent alone controls 17 per cent . This means fewer than 10,000 individuals in the top 0.001 per cent hold nearly three times the total wealth of the entire bottom 50 per cent (46 crore individuals).
Vineeth: "it would seem you keep mistaking the mural of the Mauryan empire at the new Indian Parliament as "Akhand Bharat" simply because an ignorant minister in Modi's cabinet hyped it so in Twitter. I have corrected you in an earlier comment about this. But if you are still unconvinced, I suggest you to take a look at the maps of Mauryan India at its maximum extent"
You are being naive. The real issue is India's pursuit of regional hegemony in South Asia as a step toward its "superpower" dream.
The revival of the Hindutva talk of "Akhand Bharat" is not a mere reference to history.
Here’s an interesting thesis submitted to Fort Leavenworth by an Indian colonel about India’s ambition to be the unchallenged regional hegemon in South Asia and how Pakistan stands in its way
UNIFICATION OF SOUTH ASIA L• . CS SEPE 0 1 1994.
A thesis presented to the Faculty of the U.S. Army
Command and General Staff College in partial
fulfillment of the requirements for the
degree
MASTER OF MILITARY ART AND SCIENCE
by
HARDEV SINGH, LT COL, INDIAN ARMY
M.Sc., Defence Studies, Madras University, 1988
https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/tr/pdf/ADA284652.pdf
"India's neighbors compel
them to view India as being a common foe. Pakistan which is
the only country in the region which can, to some extent,
challenge Indian hegemony, has greatly benefitted by such
perceptions of other countries. Due to the Kashmir issue,
Pakistan has viewed India as an enemy country right from the
time of partition in 1947 when they fought their first war
over Kashmir. Pakistan's claim to Kashmir is based on the
religion. Islam, a rallying point for separate statehood
for Indian Muslims during the British days, continues to be
the essential element of Pakistan's foreign policy
formulation. Therefore, the fear of militarily and
industrially powerful India representing potential Hindu
domination has remained the essence of Pakistan's South
Asian outlook. Consequently, the defence policy of Pakistan
has revolved around the central theme of containing Indian
attempts to achieve regional hegemony"
--------------------
"No Hegemon Anymore
The unified South Asian nation would also put an end
to the present problem of India trying to acquire the status
of a hegemon among the other smaller South Asian countries.
The problem of Indian hegemony is such that it can not be
resolved easily under the present political division of
South Asia. Presently, to end this problem, it requires,
that either India become extremely strong compared to her
59
neighbors, so that they start acknowledging India's hegemon
status or some other state, most probably, Pakistan becoming
equally strong as India. However, there is not even a
remote possibility of either of the above occurring in a
foreseeable future. Compared to its neighbors, India's
elements of national power are much greater and it would be
extremely difficult for Pakistan to acquire status equal to
that of India.
On the other hand, despite her strong elements of
national power, India is still ridden with too many problems
to achieve an absolute hegemony in the region. In any case
such an absolute hegemony may be impossible to achieve
because of the international politics such as aid to
Pakistan from the Islamic countries, China or the USA. In
an unified South Asian nation, the people would be able to
identify themselves with the nation, more intensely, due to
its strength and size. There would not be any compulsions,
like the present, for the smaller nations to gang up to
counter the hegemonic tendencies of the big neighbor, India,
as there would be just one unified nation, of which they and
India would be parts of..."
The talk of hegemony and reunification extends beyond Col Hardev Singh's thesis. It has been pushed by other Indian analysts like Ashley Tellis and Rajan Menon.
https://www.riazhaq.com/2018/06/us-dod-1999-forecast-pakistan.html
Asia 2025, a US Defense Department Study produced in summer of 1999, forecast that Pakistan would "disappear" as an independent state by 2015. It further forecast that Pakistan would become part of a "South Asian Superstate" controlled by India as a "regional hegemon". Two Indian-American "South Asia experts" contributed to this study. Much of the forecast in its "New South Asian Order" section appears to be wishful thinking of its Indian contributors.
Stampede at #Hindu festival in #India. Police in the #Hathras district said at least 60 confirmed dead. Another 27 people confirmed dead in the neighboring Etah district after being brought to #Etah hospital. #HathrasStampede https://www.cnn.com/2024/07/02/asia/india-uttar-pradesh-stampede-intl
A stampede at a religious gathering in India’s northern state of Uttar Pradesh on Tuesday has killed at least 87 people, according to local police.
The incident happened at a prayer meeting, known as a satsang, in the Mughal Garhi village in the Hathras district of Uttar Pradesh, officials said. The village is around 200 kilometers (124 miles) southeast of the capital, New Delhi.
Police in the Hathras district said at least 60 people have been confirmed dead.
Another 27 people were confirmed dead in the neighboring Etah district after being brought to Etah hospital, according to police and health officials.
“The numbers may rise. People are being taken to hospitals in Hathras district and neighboring district of Etah,” Manish Chikara, Hathras district police spokesperson, told CNN.
Video distributed by Reuters showed crowds gathering outside a local hospital in Etah alongside distraught relatives. Medical personnel could be seen carrying people on stretchers.
Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi expressed his condolences in an address in the lower house of India’s bicameral parliament known as the Lok Sabha.
Modi said the government is engaged in “relief and rescue work” and is coordinating with the state government. “The victims will be helped in every way,” he said.
Speaking to reporters, Ashish Kumar, the district magistrate of Hathras, said the stampede happened as people were leaving the event, which was held to celebrate the Hindu deity Shiva.
The district magistrate said police had given permission for the private event and officials were “put on duty for maintenance of law and order and security,” but arrangements inside were handled by the organizers.
‘Note ban, GST, COVID shocks cost ₹11.3 lakh cr., 1.6 crore informal sector jobs’
India Ratings says in FY23, GVA in the economy by unincorporated businesses was 1.6% below 2015-16 levels; firm estimates 63 lakh informal enterprises shut down between FY16 and FY23
https://www.thehindu.com/business/Economy/note-ban-gst-covid-shocks-cost-113-lakh-cr-16-crore-informal-sector-jobs/article68385569.ece
In 2022-23, the Gross-Value Added (GVA) in the economy by such unincorporated enterprises was still 1.6% below 2015-16 levels. Moreover, their compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) was 7.4% between 2010-11 and 2015-16, but slipped into a 0.2% contraction since then, the rating firm reckoned based on the recently released findings of the government’s Annual Survey of Unincorporated Sector Enterprises (ASUSE).
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The latest data suggests that the real GVA of unincorporated firms in manufacturing, trade and other services (MTO) was ₹9.51 lakh crore in 2022-23, with an 18.2% share in India’s real MTO GVA, falling sharply from 25.7% in 2015-16.
“The shrinkage has been sharper in other services and trade, with the informal sector’s share dropped to 32.3% and 21.2% in 2022-23 from the pre-shock level of 46.9% and 34.3%, respectively. In the manufacturing sector, the share of the informal sector fell to 10.2%, from 12.5% during the same period,” the firm said in its report.
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Had the macro shocks not taken place during the post 2015-16 period and the growth in these enterprises followed the pattern between 2010-11 and 2015-16, the total number of such firms would have reached 7.14 crore in 2022-23, with the number of workers employed rising to 12.53 crore, India Ratings concluded.
The unorganised sector contributes over 44% to the country’s GVA and employs nearly 75% of the work force employed in non-agricultural enterprises, as per the 2022-23 Periodic Labour Force Survey.
1.6 Crore Jobs Lost Due To Note Ban, GST, Covid: India Ratings & Research Study
https://trak.in/stories/1-6-crore-jobs-lost-due-to-note-ban-gst-covid-india-ratings-research-study/
India’s informal sector has faced a series of macroeconomic shocks since 2016, leading to substantial economic losses. According to India Ratings and Research, the cumulative impact of these shocks, including demonetisation, the rollout of the Goods and Services Tax (GST), and the COVID-19 pandemic, has resulted in an estimated economic loss of ₹11.3 lakh crore or 4.3% of India’s GDP in 2022-23. This blog explores the severe impact on the informal sector, job losses, and the implications for India’s economy.
Impact of Macroeconomic Shocks
Demonetisation, GST, and COVID-19
The informal sector has been severely impacted by demonetisation, the GST rollout, and the COVID-19 pandemic. These shocks have disrupted the functioning of informal enterprises, leading to a decline in economic activity and job losses. Sunil Kumar Sinha, principal economist at India Ratings, noted that 63 lakh informal enterprises shut down between 2015-16 and 2022-23, resulting in the loss of about 1.6 crore jobs.
Decline in Economic Contribution
The Gross-Value Added (GVA) by unincorporated enterprises in the economy in 2022-23 was still 1.6% below the 2015-16 levels. Their compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) fell from 7.4% between 2010-11 and 2015-16 to a 0.2% contraction since then. The real GVA of unincorporated firms in manufacturing, trade, and other services (MTO) dropped significantly, with their share in India’s real MTO GVA falling from 25.7% in 2015-16 to 18.2% in 2022-23.
Employment Challenges
Job Losses and Sector Shrinkage
The informal sector has seen a significant decline in employment. The number of workers employed in the non-agricultural sector increased to 10.96 crore in 2022-23 from 9.79 crore in 2021-22. However, this was lower than the 11.13 crore people employed in the sector in the ‘pre-shock period’ of 2015-16. The manufacturing sector witnessed a notable decline in jobs, with employment dropping from 3.6 crore in 2015-16 to 3.06 crore in 2022-23.
Structural Shift Needed
India’s over 400 million informal labour market requires a structural shift to address the challenges posed by these macroeconomic shocks. The rise in the formalisation of the economy has led to robust tax collections, but the reduced unorganised sector footprint has implications for employment generation. The informal sector’s share in various sectors has decreased sharply, highlighting the need for measures to support and revitalise this critical part of the economy.
Future Prospects and Recommendations
Addressing the Decline
To mitigate the impact of these shocks and support the informal sector, India needs targeted policies and interventions. The government should focus on providing financial assistance, improving access to credit, and enhancing the business environment for informal enterprises. Additionally, measures to ensure job security and create new employment opportunities are crucial to addressing the challenges faced by the informal labour market.
Enhancing Economic Resilience
Strengthening the resilience of the informal sector is essential for sustained economic growth. Promoting digital literacy, enhancing skill development programs, and providing incentives for formalisation can help informal enterprises adapt to changing economic conditions. Ensuring social security and welfare measures for informal workers will also contribute to building a more inclusive and resilient economy.
Conclusion
India’s informal sector has borne the brunt of multiple macroeconomic shocks, resulting in significant economic losses and job reductions. Addressing these challenges requires a comprehensive approach that supports informal enterprises, enhances economic resilience, and promotes inclusive growth. By implementing targeted policies and interventions, India can mitigate the impact of these shocks and ensure the sustained growth of its informal sector.
India’s hidden COVID deaths: Was the toll in 2020 eight times higher? | Health News | Al Jazeera
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/7/20/did-covids-first-wave-kill-eight-times-more-indians-than-announced
India had nearly 1.2 million excess deaths in 2020, new data shows. The life expectancy of Muslims fell the most among all Indians – by more than five years.
New Delhi, India – India’s actual death toll during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic that ravaged the world’s most populous country could be eight times higher than the government’s official numbers, reveals a new study.
While that initial wave of the virus caught the world off guard, leaving governments and health systems scrambling for responses, India, after implementing a strict lockdown, appeared to have escaped the worst of its effects. The country was devastated by the delta variant in 2021 when hospitals ran out of beds and oxygen, people died gasping outside healthcare facilities and rows upon rows of smouldering pyres chequered cremation grounds across the country.
But the new research suggests that the first wave, while not as deadly as the one in 2021, wrought far greater devastation than has been acknowledged until now.
What does the new research show?
The study, co-authored by 10 demographers and economists from elite international institutes, found that India had 1.19 million excess deaths in 2020, during the pandemic’s first wave, compared to 2019.
That’s eight times India’s official COVID-19 toll for 2020, of 148,738 deaths. The study was published Friday in the Science Advances publication.
The numbers in the research, based on the Indian government’s 2019-21 National Family Health Survey (NFHS), a comprehensive report on the state of the country’s health and family welfare, are also 1.5 times the World Health Organization’s (WHO) estimate for India’s COVID-19 death toll in 2020.
India’s own total count of deaths from the virus until the end of 2021 stands at 481,000.
But the new research also uncovers deep inequalities among the pandemic’s victims – based on gender, caste and religion.
Did COVID kill some communities disproportionately?
The research found that in 2020, the life expectancy of an upper-caste Indian of the Hindu faith went down by 1.3 years. By contrast, the average lifespan for people from ‘scheduled castes’ – communities that for centuries faced the worst discrimination under the caste system – went down by 2.7 years.
Indian Muslims suffered the worst: Their life expectancy went down by 5.4 years in 2020.
These communities had lower life expectancy at birth relative to high-caste Hindus even before the pandemic, the study noted. “The pandemic exacerbated these disparities,” it added. “These declines are comparable or larger in absolute magnitude to those experienced by Native Americans, Blacks, and Hispanics in the United States in 2020.”
As India ages, a secret shame emerges: Elders abandoned by their children
https://apnews.com/article/india-abandoned-elderly-population-aging-44701de4079bf8bca01cfa3217fdf1c8
By MATT SEDENSKY
Updated 6:02 PM PDT, August 1, 2024
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GARHMUKTESHWAR, India (AP) — They were found in gutters, on streets, in bushes. They were boarded on trains, deserted in hospitals, dumped at temples. They were sent away for being sick or outliving paychecks or simply growing too old.
By the time they reached this home for the aged and unwanted, many were too numb to speak. Some took months to mouth the truth of how they came to spend their final days in exile.
“They said, ‘Taking care of him is not our cup of tea,’” says Amirchand Sharma, 65, a retired policeman whose sons left him to die near the river after he was badly hurt in an accident. “They said, ‘Throw him away.’”
In its traditions, in its religious tenets and in its laws, India has long cemented the belief that it is a child’s duty to care for his aging parents. But in a land known for revering its elderly, a secret shame has emerged: A burgeoning population of older people abandoned by their own families.
This is a country where grandparents routinely share a roof with children and grandchildren, and where the expectation that the young care for the old is so ingrained in the national ethos that nursing homes are a relative rarity and hiring caregivers is often seen as taboo. But expanding lifespans have brought ballooning caregiving pressure, a wave of urbanization has driven many young far from their home villages and a creeping Western influence has begun eroding the tradition of multigenerational living.
Courtrooms swell with thousands of cases of parents seeking help from their children. Footpaths and alleys are crowded with older people who now call them home. And a cottage industry of nonprofits for the abandoned has sprouted, operating a constantly growing number of shelters that continually fill.
The Saint Hardyal Educational and Orphans Welfare Society, known as SHEOWS, houses about 320 people on 16 acres of land in this small north Indian city. Nearly all of them were abandoned by their families.
One woman spent more than eight years living at a faraway temple where she was deserted by her children. Another tells of a son she loved who forced her out, saying if she didn’t leave, his wife would. A man sitting atop a bed with sheets adorned with teddy bears and smiling anthropomorphic mushrooms was left to die on the street, arriving here so starved that he ate 22 rotis, one after another after another.
Birbati, the lead caregiver in the women’s building, who does not use a surname, says after years of tending to the abandoned, she finds some of them visiting in her dreams.
“Each of them has a story,” she says. “All are sad stories.”
Arnaud Bertrand
@RnaudBertrand
The irony of China supplanting the U.S. as India's top trading partner just as the Americans are doing their outmost to divide both countries...
This is a real and growing weakness of the US: they can't walk the talk economically anymore.
Many people, including Mearsheimer, say that "security trumps economics" and that this is the reason why countries like India or Australia will ultimately choose the U.S. "camp" versus China. I don't think it's logical at all because, as Ukraine is clearly showing, being part of the U.S. "camp" risks triggering a situation where you security is much more threatened than otherwise. So you end up with less security and less prosperity.
That's actually the argument that Hugh White, one of Australia's foremost strategist (former Deputy Secretary for Strategy and Intelligence in the Australian Department of Defence) was making last week about AUKUS (see next tweet), but the same logic also very much applies to India and the whole "Indo-Pacific" region. He was saying that Australia will ultimately only get security and prosperity if they use their statecraft to push the U.S. and China to get along and coexist. If they overtly support the U.S.'s ambition to maintain (or rather restore) their primacy, the region could be engulfed in proxy wars - much like in Europe - to the detriment of all countries (only the U.S. would presumably benefit). As he put it, his words: "not a smart way to go".
So I suspect India understands this. They're increasing their economic collaboration with China and, despite their often very hawkish anti-China rhetoric, will ultimately angle to avoid war in their region and therefore won't back U.S. primacy.
https://x.com/RnaudBertrand/status/1821843253202678224
Arnaud Bertrand
@RnaudBertrand
The irony of China supplanting the U.S. as India's top trading partner just as the Americans are doing their outmost to divide both countries...
This is a real and growing weakness of the US: they can't walk the talk economically anymore.
Many people, including Mearsheimer, say that "security trumps economics" and that this is the reason why countries like India or Australia will ultimately choose the U.S. "camp" versus China. I don't think it's logical at all because, as Ukraine is clearly showing, being part of the U.S. "camp" risks triggering a situation where you security is much more threatened than otherwise. So you end up with less security and less prosperity.
That's actually the argument that Hugh White, one of Australia's foremost strategist (former Deputy Secretary for Strategy and Intelligence in the Australian Department of Defence) was making last week about AUKUS (see next tweet), but the same logic also very much applies to India and the whole "Indo-Pacific" region. He was saying that Australia will ultimately only get security and prosperity if they use their statecraft to push the U.S. and China to get along and coexist. If they overtly support the U.S.'s ambition to maintain (or rather restore) their primacy, the region could be engulfed in proxy wars - much like in Europe - to the detriment of all countries (only the U.S. would presumably benefit). As he put it, his words: "not a smart way to go".
So I suspect India understands this. They're increasing their economic collaboration with China and, despite their often very hawkish anti-China rhetoric, will ultimately angle to avoid war in their region and therefore won't back U.S. primacy.
https://x.com/RnaudBertrand/status/1821843253202678224
https://www.business-standard.com/economy/news/india-in-trade-deficit-with-9-of-top-10-trading-partners-in-2023-24-data-124052600247_1.html#
https://www.ft.com/content/5a2b4491-5687-4b11-872d-a4f51121bbb2
Indian reliance on Chinese imports is challenge for U.S. trade strategy - The Washington Post
https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2024/09/02/india-china-manufacturing-supply-chains/
NEW DELHI — American businesses looking to reduce their reliance on China have increasingly been eyeing India in the past few years as a new manufacturing hub — and as a hedge against potential disruptions in Chinese supply chains caused by rising geopolitical tensions or another pandemic.
But as India has amped up its production of goods like smartphones, solar panels and medicine, the Indian economy itself has become even more dependent on Chinese imports, in particular for the components that go into these products, according to trade figures and economic analysts.
This dynamic serves as a reality check for U.S. policymakers, who have been urgently promoting efforts to diversify supply chains away from Chinese factories and “de-risk” the commercial relationship with China.
“Unless China stops being the third party from where components come in and we just assemble, that de-risking is not going to happen for any country coming in and producing in India,” said Sriparna Pathak, an associate professor at Jindal University focusing on India-China relations.
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To support the production of Indian textiles and garments, another important export industry, India has been ramping up imports of yarn and fabric from China. Even the automobile industry — considered a success story for both domestic and export sales — has been increasing its imports of vehicle parts and accessories from China.
As with electronics, India has made significant strides in producing solar panels but now relies even more on the Chinese solar cells that go in them.
After the United States restricted imports of Chinese solar panel material because of concerns about human rights and labor abuses, Indian exports of solar panels to the American market spiked in 2022, increasing in value by almost 150 percent, according to U.S. government trade figures. The next year saw an even sharper increase.
During that time, however, India sourced between half and all of its solar panel components — such as modules, cells, wafers and solar glass — from China between 2021 and 2023, according to a BloombergNEF report at the end of last year.
Senior Biden administration officials said it is not realistic to think that inputs from China can be excluded at this moment from American supply chains. “We have taken a more practical view that in order to effectively diversify, the first step is to get a foothold in the parts of this supply chain where you can diversify today. And then from there you can grow upstream,” said a senior administration official, speaking on the condition of anonymity to discuss sensitive strategies toward China.
Addressing the significant presence of Chinese components in Indian-made solar panels, the official said: “We recognize we are in the first inning of a long game, but we are at an inflection point in that there is now a clear recognition, not just in the U.S. and India but among friends and allies, that being overly reliant on one source for the clean-energy economy is not sustainable and requires a concerted effort to de-risk. But it’s going to take time.”
Narendra Modi’s Global Ambition - A Pigmy’s Dream To Catch The Moon| Countercurrents
Narendra Modi’s global ambition – A pigmy’s dream to catch the moon
in India
by Sumanta Banerjee
05/09/2024
https://countercurrents.org/2024/09/narendra-modis-global-ambition-a-pigmys-dream-to-catch-the-moon/
Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s recent world wide tour across the US, Russia and Ukraine, has been given wide coverage by the Indian foreign ministry and Modi’s toady media – bolstering up the impression that Modi is becoming the global mediator to solve all international disputes. Increasingly facing popular discontent in the domestic sphere because of his failures in solving economic and social problems, Modi is trying to divert popular attention to his so-called claims of achievements in his foreign policy.
But coming down to brass tracks, what has Modi achieved in his foreign policy so far, in living up to his claim as a global mediator ? Despite his tango with Biden and Putin, dancing from Washington to Kremlin every now and then, Modi has failed to solve the crisis in Ukraine. Yet, he continues to nurse the ambition of lifting himself up from the self-appointed position of a global mediator to the authoritarian position of a global arbiter – Vishwaguru. What hopes !
His rhetoric in his speeches at the global arena reminds me of an ancient Sanskrit saying: “Bamanashya Chandrabhilash” (A pigmy’s ambition to capture the Moon). Swayed by left-handed compliments by world leaders whom he hugs, Modi while addressing them indulges in braggadocio , promoting himself as their savior.
Modi’s foreign policy – changing from non-alignment to double-alignment
During the Nehruvian era, and later under the UPA regime, India followed an independent policy of non-alignment that kept it away from involvement with conflicts between the then two rival super-powers, the Soviet Union and the US. India never joined any multi-regional group sponsored by either of these two super-powers. It did not become a member of the US-patronized SEATO (South East Asia Treaty Organization). Instead, it played an active role in carving out an alternative strategy by bringing together south Asian states in the neutral platform of NAM (Non-Aligned Movement) in 1961. Still later, it collaborated with other states in the region in forming SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation) in 1985. Not aligned with either of the super-powers, it aimed at helping each other on economic and political issues.
In sharp contrast to this courageous stand of an independent position regarding relations with foreign powers, Modi has given up that traditional policy of non-alignment in favour of an opportunist policy of double-alignment – cringing before Washington and Moscow begging at the same time for favours from both. He descended to such a depth as to go to the US sometime ago to campaign for Trump in the presidential elections there.
He depends on Russia for oil, and on the US for military armaments (which are easily available, unlike the delay in the delivery of such armaments by Russia due to bureaucratic hassles). He thus keeps Biden placated, and the US military-industrial complex has agreed to allow him to import Russian oil as long as he serves their interest, while in the cases of other such importing countries Washington has imposed sanctions.
Narendra Modi’s Global Ambition - A Pigmy’s Dream To Catch The Moon| Countercurrents
https://countercurrents.org/2024/09/narendra-modis-global-ambition-a-pigmys-dream-to-catch-the-moon/
Till now Modi has failed to articulate a coherent policy on the two wars that are raging in Ukraine and Gaza. By hugging Putin in Moscow and Zelynski in Kiev, he gives the impression that he is the best arbiter in their conflict – without coming up with any concrete proposal. He cannot afford to offend Putin by openly condemning his aggression in Ukraine, as otherwise he will lose Moscow’s commercial and armaments deals. His position on the war in Gaza is even worse. While urging for an end to the Palestine-Israel conflict, he keeps on sending armaments to Israel, and offering Indian labourers to Israel to replace the Palestinian workers who have left that country in the wake of the war. He is thus sustaining Tel Aviv’s war efforts.
In the course of such self-contradictory moves in his strategy of double-alignment, Modi is eventually reducing himself to a joker in the global scene. At international summits, he receives left-handed compliments from global heads of states, which he gulps down, incapable of realizing that at the brass tracks, they do not take him seriously. Forget his presumptuous claim of being a decisive force in global politics, he is regarded not even as a marginal factor.
Modi’s attempts to boost his ambitious international image for the domestic audience
Unable to make any mark in the international scene, Modi has been trying to compensate for that failure by promoting himself through hosting a few global summits in New Delhi. The two-day G-20 conference in September 2023 was one such attempt. It was an extravaganza of sorts – with streets decked up, buildings illuminated, microphones blaring songs. The scale of its organization was reminiscent of the Olympic games in Berlin in 1936 held under Hitler’s auspices. Hitler wanted to bedazzle the foreign spectators with his image as a sports-friendly peaceful ruler, hiding his ulterior motives that were to unfold in the years that followed. Following a similar pattern of publicity, and in an attempt to catch world-wide attention, Modi tried to promote his image as a peaceful ruler at home, and a friendly ally abroad through the G-20 summit. But for all practical purposes, it ended in a whimper, with the usual press statement marked by bombastic rhetoric , which all the participants knew were for public consumption without any serious intent to carry out the promises announced from the summit.
However, although the much-publicized G-20 summit in Delhi did not have any impact on global politics, it was exploited by Modi and his toady media in Indian domestic politics to bolster up his image as an international figure who attracted foreign leaders. It figured in Modi’s election campaign on the eve of the 2024 Lok Sabha elections – which swayed a large part of the educated elite in favour of this fictitious claim of his, and they voted for him.
Hello Mr. Vineet
It is not just wealth and material resources that actually make a person or a community happy . As far as I know or think the national bondage in India is quiet weak. Indian as nation are divided into caste system which creates a huge gap between people where upper class considers itself superior to lower caste. According to me this alsobadly effects the happiness of the people. Fortunately in Pakistan their is no concept or notion of caste system as majority of the prole in Pakistan are Muslims and in Islam their is no need or concept of such type of caste system and in fact Islam is strictly against such type of social systems that divides the community based on financial status, caste and ethnic group. Islam in fact is a religion that wants people to think beyond racism, ethinicty, financial position and status. It promoted and encourages equality amongst people. That's why we see that in Pakistan majority of the people give charity and aid to poors and needies. And such kind of support culture or system that exists in Pakistan where financially strong and stable people feed and support poors and needies or those deprived of basic necessities of life actually builds a bondage between rich and poors. When poors and needies are financially supported by rich, it removed the element of unhappiness to great extent. But on the contrary in India thos is not exactly the case as far as I know, very few people in India give charity to poors and needies which obviously leads to greater degree of unhappiness amongst people.
I Visited India So You Don't Have To
https://youtu.be/IFUIdcrgW6M?si=McE79ZDsb7NJT9xv
India, it's a bit mental isn't it! I returned to there country after six years away to see how it had progressed ( or not ). Join me in the most frustrating place to travel in the world. Warning: Do not attempt to do this trip yourself unless you are a professional traveller.
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https://www.hindustantimes.com/trending/i-visited-india-so-you-dont-have-to-uk-man-records-dirty-roads-visits-roadside-fortune-teller-101726740845006.html
A vlogger visited India six years after his last visit to see how the country has “progressed.” A video from his trip captures a few places from Delhi and some from Kolkata. It also shows him travelling to Kolkata by train. What has irked most people is how he shows dirty roads, broken train compartments, crowded roads, and unhygienic places in his video.
“India, it's a bit mental isn't it! I returned to there country after six years away to see how it had progressed ( or not ). Join me in the most frustrating place to travel in the world,” he wrote in the video’s caption.
“Warning: Do not attempt to do this trip yourself unless you are a professional traveller,” he sarcastically added.
The video has generated mixed reactions from viewers and created quite a lot of chatter on YouTube. Some viewers judged India solely based on the vlogger’s video, while others accused him of “deliberately” portraying the country in a bad light. This controversy has sparked a heated debate about cultural representation and the responsibilities of travel vloggers.
“I've never seen a travel video that made me want to leave a place I'll never visit,” posted a YouTube user. Another person added, “An Indian palm reader telling foreigners they're gonna have stomach problems is next-level comedy.”
A third commented, “Racism is bad unless it's against Indians is the new trend. This video is specifically made in a manner to invoke and garner both racist and rage-bait views. India is one of the most diverse nations in the world, if not the most in all aspects, be it culturally, geographically, or economically. Extreme ends and everything in between are present throughout the nation's vast landscape. Showing, for lack of a better word, the worst parts and then generalising the 7th largest by land, 2nd by population, 5th by GDP, 4th by Military strength, 3rd by energy production, 4th in global influence, 6th in technological advancements, 8th by natural resources, 2nd in agriculture Country in the world shows your desperation to invoke hate and racism. And for anyone wondering, book a bloody five-star trip (India is affordable), and you won't see any of this, just luxury. And for however it is, people in India don't have to worry every day if their child is going to get shot in the school.”
A fourth wrote, “After gaining a lot of views and subscribers from Indian audiences, Baldy is reacting exactly like a British hypocrite sounds.”
Who is behind Bald and Bankrupt?
UK-based Benjamin Rich runs the YouTube channel Bald and Bankrupt. Reportedly, his vlogging journey started in India. He visited the country after filing for bankruptcy in the UK due to failed business ventures.
He is also the author of The Burning Edge: Travels Through Irradiated Belarus, which documents his journey through Belarus. “On his journey through the irradiated borderlands, he meets an assortment of characters struggling to make sense of a life in the shadows of the Chernobyl tragedy,” reads a part of his book’s synopsis on Amazon.
Dear Sir
Thanks for your comments, sir the problem is that Indians have blind faith in economic or GDP growth and they give too much emphasis on it. But according to some economists and professors who teach economics in universities of West. The GDP growth doesn't actually show real development and prosperity of the country or nation bit in fact it is GDP per capita that matters the most when measuring the real development and prosperity of a nation.
Mr. Behram
Pls note that it is not actually the process of becoming the CEO of the multi national companies or inter stipnally known companies which is considered as a perimeter to judge intelligence or IQ of people or nation. These Indians whom you see as becoming CEO of top notch companies in America and other countries are exceptional cases and pls bote that it is in fact their work and management experience and exposure which matters the most when it comes to promoting the employees of the company to top positions. All these Indians who are now working in these companies as CEOs were already working in these compajies at junior positions and they have acquired their higher studies in universities of America.
If you think that this is how you measure the IQ or intelligence of a nation or peole than pls bote that Chinese are also very intelligent and Isrealis are even more intelligent or highly intelligent. How many Chinese and Isrealis have you seen working in US or any foreign based IT conpanies and how many of them have been prompted at the psitipns of CEO in there companies?
Dear Sir
Unfortunately many people in Pakistan are suffering from inferiority complex, as India has made progress in various fields and has left Pakistan behind. They have developed a notion in their mind after seeing the headlines in the news channels highlighting certain facts and achievements of India that India is very progressive and Pakistan is behind India in everything. It is true to certain extent but not completely I believe.
1st of all people in Pakistan must know that India receives the highest amount of economic aid from America. Their are total 10 countries in the world that receive such financial aid and support from America and India is listed at the top and Pakistan is somewhere in the middle. Majority of this aid goes to civil development of the country which obviously includes sports, health , job creation and education.
Most of the foreign aid which Pakistan gets is eaten up by corrupt and incompetent politicians in Pakistan who rule the country.
In India at least the government is sincere and honest enough to translate most of these financisl aid money for the development and progress of their country and credit should be given to them for this.
Also many foreign companies specially IT companies invest millions or billions of dollars in India specially in the IT industry of India.
How much investment does Pakistan gets?
Also since it's inception a millitary take over has never happened in India and their has been a constant flow of democratic culture in India since independence in 1947. Unfortunately this has never happened in Pakistan. The country has gone through political instability since it's independence in 1947 which has effected the development and progress in the country .
Hello Sir Vineet
Yes agree, the public of India gives more tax to the government than I think people of Pakistan do and this is also because the government of India is much strict when it comes to matter of tax collection and this is also because the population of India is much higher than that of Pakistan, so Indian government is able to collect more tax from the people than in Pakistan.
The question is that do the rich and business class of India gives tax to the government ?
Misguided foreign policy leaves India friendless in South Asia, claims Japanese media outlet Nikkei - Muslim Mirror
https://muslimmirror.com/misguided-foreign-policy-leaves-india-friendless-in-south-asia-claims-japanese-media-outlet-nikkei/
In a recent report, Japanese media outlet Nikkei Asia has criticized India’s foreign policy, claiming that it has led to the country’s increasing isolation in South Asia. The report suggests that India’s diplomatic strategies under Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s government have backfired, leaving the nation with few allies in its own neighborhood.
The Nikkei report highlights strained relations with key regional players like Nepal, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka, countries that have traditionally maintained close ties with India. These tensions have reportedly been fueled by a combination of internal political dynamics, mismanagement of regional partnerships, and India’s perceived alignment with global powers like the U.S. and Japan.
Strained Relations with Nepal and Bangladesh
One of the focal points of the article is India’s deteriorating relationship with Nepal. The report claims that India’s heavy-handed approach to Nepal’s constitutional crisis in 2015, followed by its blockade of essential supplies, has left a lasting negative impact on bilateral ties. Nepal has since sought closer relations with China, a move that has caused concern in New Delhi.
In Bangladesh, the controversial Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) and the National Register of Citizens (NRC) in Assam have led to growing distrust of India. The policies, which many Bangladeshis view as targeting their population, have strained relations, despite decades of cooperation on trade, infrastructure, and security. The Nikkei article notes that Dhaka is now looking to diversify its partnerships, with China emerging as a significant alternative.
India’s Influence in Sri Lanka and the Maldives
India’s relationship with Sri Lanka has also faced challenges, according to Nikkei. Although India has provided financial aid to help Sri Lanka manage its recent economic crisis, the growing Chinese influence on the island nation, including Beijing’s investments in key infrastructure projects, has limited India’s influence.
In the Maldives, China’s expanding footprint has similarly reduced India’s traditional clout. While India has worked to rebuild its influence through initiatives like the “Neighborhood First” policy, the article suggests that these efforts have been slow to produce results.
China’s Growing Influence in South Asia
According to Nikkei, China has capitalized on India’s strained relations with its neighbors by making strategic investments and forming partnerships across South Asia. From large infrastructure projects in Pakistan and Sri Lanka to growing trade ties with Bangladesh and Nepal, China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has been a key tool in expanding its influence.
The report implies that India’s inability to counter China’s growing presence in the region stems from miscalculations in foreign policy, with New Delhi’s focus on global partnerships coming at the expense of regional diplomacy. India’s reluctance to openly challenge China’s influence while prioritizing ties with the U.S., Japan, and Australia through the Quad alliance has, according to Nikkei, weakened its position in South Asia.
The Nikkei report concludes by urging India to recalibrate its foreign policy and restore ties with its South Asian neighbors. It argues that a more balanced and inclusive approach to regional diplomacy, combined with efforts to counter China’s growing influence, is crucial for India to regain its position as a regional leader.
As India faces significant geopolitical challenges, including tensions with Pakistan and China, its ability to maintain strong ties with its immediate neighbors is becoming increasingly critical.
Ashok Swain
@ashoswai
Canada’s PM Justin Trudeau says Indian diplomats of the Modi regime, together with an Indian criminal gang, are engaged in murder & extortion of Canadians in Canada. When a criminal heads the government, it turns the government machinery to a criminal gang!
https://x.com/ashoswai/status/1845949810932596861
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Canada on Monday ordered six Indian diplomats to leave the country, including India’s top diplomat in Ottawa, Sanjay Kumar Verma, officials said.
https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2024/10/14/canada-modi-sikhs-violence-india/
The killing of a Sikh separatist in Canada last year was part of a broader campaign of violence against Indian dissidents directed by a senior official in the Indian government and an operative in the country’s spy agency, according to Canadian officials who cited intercepted Indian communications and other newly acquired information.
Canadian authorities have also identified at least six Indian diplomats serving in Canada who were directly involved in gathering detailed intelligence on Sikh separatists who were then killed, attacked or threatened by India’s criminal proxies, Canadian officials said.
Canada ordered all six of those diplomats to leave the country in notices that were sent early Monday, the officials said. Among them were India’s top diplomat in the country, Sanjay Kumar Verma, and its top consular official in Toronto, the officials said.
The Biden administration, which has cultivated closer ties with India, last year confronted Modi administration officials with intelligence that an officer in India’s Research and Analysis Wing, a spy service known as RAW, was behind an attempt to assassinate a Sikh separatist in New York — a failed plot with parallels to the Nijjar case in Canada. The Post identified the RAW officer as Vikram Yadav, though he was not named in a U.S. indictment accusing an alleged Indian drug trafficker of seeking to hire a hit man to carry out the killing.
Nijjar and Gurpatwant Singh Pannun, the target of the New York plot, were leaders of a movement that for decades has campaigned to carve out an independent Sikh state in northern India. The movement was marked by violent clashes in the 1980s, but has been relatively dormant since a crackdown led to a mass exodus of Sikhs to other countries.
Modi, who came to power as a champion of Hindu nationalism, has revived concerns about the supposed threat posed by Sikhs living abroad. Modi and other officials have frequently accused Canada, which has the world’s largest population of Sikhs outside India, of harboring terrorists.
Canadian officials said they only recently began to grasp the magnitude of the covert campaign of violence India has waged against Sikhs as new evidence emerged from an ongoing investigation of Nijjar’s killing that is led by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police but has involved other agencies, as well as intelligence provided by the United States and other allies.
Officials said the investigation has uncovered evidence of Indian government involvement in home invasions, drive-by shootings, arson and at least one additional killing.
Officials cited the death of Sukhdool Singh, who was shot in Winnipeg on Sept. 20, 2023, less than a day after he was featured in a wanted list of gangsters posted on X by India’s National Investigation Agency. The killing came two days after Trudeau publicly accused India of killing Nijjar.
Pravin Sawhney
@PravinSawhney
As the SCO meeting which begins in Islamabad today, three Pakistan's bilaterals to watch out for are with:
1. Russian 76 member strong delegation
2. 200 members strong Chinese delegation
3. with Iran delegation.
These bilaterals will likely have impact on Pakistan's sought Brics membership - at 16th Brics in Russia from Oct 22-24.
Pakistan's two big geopolitical advantages (if it can harness them) are:
A. It has developed close ties with two Great Powers (China & Russia) which matter most in Asia Pacific
B. It can play an important role in Middle East - when it is at brink of larger regional war.
India's minister
@DrSJaishankar
is expected to talk about terrorism & sovereignty- which given India's recent spat with Canada is not likely to sound credible!
https://x.com/PravinSawhney/status/1845996235762893255
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Foreign dignitaries arrive for SCO summit spadework
https://www.dawn.com/news/1865054
Informed sources told Dawn that a four-member delegation from India, 76 delegates from Russia, 15 representatives of China, a two-member team from Iran and a four-member delegation from Kyrgyzstan reached Islamabad on Sunday.
Seven delegates of SCO also arrived in the capital.
Government of Pakistan
@GovtofPakistan
Pakistan is honored to host the 23rd SCO Heads of Government Meeting in Islamabad from October 15th to 16th, reflecting its commitment to regional cooperation.
The summit will focus on enhancing regional cooperation, trade, and financial integrity among member states, significantly boosting Pakistan’s image and future prospects. By positioning Pakistan as a trade hub for Central Asia, the summit aims to promote economic integration, a digital economy and cultural exchanges, fostering regional prosperity and stability.
https://x.com/GovtofPakistan/status/1845693140369330493
Why the US can't afford to sever military ties with Pakistan despite deep suspicions – Firstpost
Simantik Dowerah
https://www.firstpost.com/world/united-states/why-the-us-cant-afford-to-sever-military-ties-with-pakistan-despite-deep-suspicions-13825127.html
Recent naval exercises
In October 2024, the US and Pakistan conducted a significant bilateral naval exercise in the Arabian Sea, involving the USS O’Kane and Pakistan Navy Ship Babur. This exercise, part of a series of collaborations aimed at enhancing maritime security, focused on improving readiness, countering terrorism and ensuring the freedom of navigation in key international waters. According to Pakistan Navy’s media wing, the exercise reflects both nations’ commitment to regional peace and stability. The ongoing partnership, especially in areas like maritime interdiction and mine countermeasures, showcases the critical role the navies play in maintaining order in the region.
These naval drills come at a time when the US is recalibrating its foreign policy in light of rising geopolitical tensions, particularly with China and Russia. Despite these global shifts, Pakistan continues to be seen as a valuable partner, particularly in the US 5th Fleet’s area of operations, which spans the Arabian Gulf, Gulf of Oman, Red Sea and the Indian Ocean.
The broader context
While the naval exercises highlight the current military engagement, they are part of a larger pattern of cooperation between the two nations. Earlier in 2024, both countries participated in Inspired Union 2024, a four-day military exercise in Karachi that focussed on maritime interdiction, explosive ordnance disposal and harbour security. Exercises like this, as well as the Infantry Rifle Company Exchange, which focussed on counterterrorism in urban settings, emphasise the shared security concerns that bind the two nations together.
These collaborations reflect a broader military relationship that has weathered significant ups and downs. From Cold War-era alliances aimed at containing Soviet influence to post-9/11 cooperation in the War on Terror, US-Pakistan military ties have been shaped by shifting geopolitical imperatives. Although tensions have arisen, particularly over Pakistan’s alleged support for Taliban factions, military cooperation has remained a cornerstone of the relationship, with both countries recognising the strategic value of working together on security issues.
Suspicion and strategic cooperation
Despite the ongoing military exercises, Washington’s relationship with Islamabad is marked by suspicion and caution. The US has long harboured concerns over Pakistan’s nuclear ambitions and its dual dealings with militant groups like the Taliban, which have strained bilateral trust. The 1985 Pressler Amendment, which curtailed US aid due to Pakistan’s nuclear programme, is a stark example of how strategic concerns can lead to a rift in relations.
However, the need for counterterrorism cooperation, especially following the US withdrawal from Afghanistan in 2021, has kept security ties afloat. Pakistan’s geographic location, with its long border with Afghanistan, makes it a crucial partner in regional stability efforts. The US continues to engage with Pakistan on security issues, providing military aid and conducting joint exercises, even as it keeps a wary eye on Islamabad’s broader geopolitical moves.
China factor
The evolving global power dynamics, particularly the US focus on countering China’s influence, have added a new layer of complexity to US-Pakistan ties. The Biden administration’s National Security Strategy (NSS) emphasises the importance of building alliances in the Indo-Pacific to counter China’s growing clout. Pakistan, with its close relationship with China, has become a key factor in Washington’s regional calculus.
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