Number of Indian Muslims attending colleges and universities has declined by 8% to 1.9 million in 2020-21, from 2.1 million in 2019-20, according to Indian government data. In the same period, the higher education enrollment in Pakistan has risen about 12%, from 2.7 million to over 3 million. Both India and Pakistan have about the same population of Muslims.
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While enrollment of Indian Muslims has fallen by 8%, the enrollment of Dalits, Adivasis and OBCs in higher education has increased by 4.2%, 11.9% and 4% respectively compared to 2019-20. The upper caste Hindus have seen the highest jump of 13.6% in enrollment in colleges and universities.
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| Labor Force Education Status of Indian Muslims Worst of all Groups. Source: HT |
These results are consistent with a 2018 study by three researchers which reported that "Muslims (in India) now have considerably worse upward mobility (29) today than both Scheduled Castes (37.4–37.8) and Scheduled Tribes (32.5–32.7). The comparable figure for African Americans is 34."
The research paper titled "Intergenerational Mobility in India: Estimates from New Methods and Administrative Data" says that "higher caste groups (in India) have experienced constant and high upward mobility over time, a result that contradicts a popular notion that it is increasingly difficult for higher caste Hindus to get ahead".
Dartmouth researchers' analysis focuses on two mobility measures: (i) the expected outcome of a child born into the bottom half of the parent outcome distribution (upward interval mobility, henceforth referred to as upward mobility); and (ii) the expected outcome of a child born into the top half of the parent distribution (downward interval mobility).
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| Indian Muslims at Bottom in Social Mobility. Source: Dartmouth College |
Panel A in the above figure presents bounds on trends in upward interval mobility, or the average rank among sons born to fathers in the bottom half of the father education distribution. Panel B presents bounds on trends in downward interval mobility, or the average education rank among sons born to fathers in the top half of the father education distribution. Panel C presents bounds on trends in the proportion of sons completing primary school, conditional on being born to a father in the bottom half of the education distribution. Panel D presents bounds on trends in the proportion of sons attaining a high school degree, conditional on being born to a father in the bottom half of the education distribution.
The Dartmouth paper by Sam Asher, Paul Novosad and Charlie Rafkin confirms what an Indian government commission headed by Justice Rajendar Sachar found back in 2006 by saying that "Muslim disadvantage has been widely noted, including by the well-publicized federal Sachar Report (2006)". Here's an excerpt of the paper:
"India’s Muslims constitute a similar population share as the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (14% for Muslims vs. 16.6% for SCs and 14% for STs). Muslims have worse socioeconomic outcomes than the general population (Sachar Committee Report, 2006). While Muslim disadvantage has been widely noted, including by the well-publicized federal Sachar Report (2006), there are few policies in place to protect them and there has not been an effective political mobilization in their interest. Muslims have also been frequent targets of discrimination and even violence."
The discrimination and violence against Muslims that the paper refers to has only gotten worse since the election of Hindu Nationalist leader Narendra Modi to India's highest office in India in 2014.
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39 comments:
Thank you Riaz Sahib for this article.
Very worrisome indeed.
It is the individuals responsibility to vie for higher education. There is no one blocking them form entering higher institutions. But if they care more about madrassah education than real education, it can't be helped.
Singh: "There is no one blocking them form entering higher institutions"
There is widespread and systemic discrimination against Muslims in India. It exists in education, employment, courts and housing.
Islamophobic ruling party promotes hatred of Muslims. It allows crimes against Muslims to go unpunished.
Killers and rapists of Muslims are garlanded and allowed to go free by the ruling party with Amit Shah as its Home Minister.
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/8/16/eleven-convicts-in-gujarat-gangrape-murder-cases-freed-in-india
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/18/world/asia/india-cow-religious-attacks.html
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/3/20/samjhauta-express-blast-case-court-acquits-four-accused
Many IOK Kashmiris are afraid of studying in India because of incidents of Kashmiri students being tortured and killed by Hindu terrorists
Both India and Pakistan have about the same population of Muslims.
Not true. India's population is 1.43 billion and Muslims are about 15% or 210 million. Pak has almost 250 million. On a per capita basis, the enrolment ratio is only slightly worse for IMs.
Majumdar: "Not true. India's population is 1.43 billion and Muslims are about 15% or 210 million. Pak has almost 250 million. On a per capita basis, the enrolment ratio is only slightly worse for IMs"
No matter how you spin it, you can not escape the fact that the Indian Muslim enrollment is significantly lower and declining.
Muslims are the most marginalized group in India.
https://www.riazhaq.com/2018/11/study-indian-muslims-worse-off-than.html
Study: Indian Muslims Worse Off Than Untouchables and Falling Further
A recent Dartmouth study by three researchers has reported that "Muslims (in India) now have considerably worse upward mobility (29) today than both Scheduled Castes (37.4–37.8) and Scheduled Tribes (32.5–32.7). The comparable figure for African Americans is 34."
Number of Indian Muslims attending colleges and universities has declined by 8% to 1.9 million in 2020-21, from 2.1 million in 2019-20, according to Indian government data. In the same period, the higher education enrollment in Pakistan has risen about 12%, from 2.7 million to over 3 million. Both India and Pakistan have about the same population of Muslims.
THAT IS THE STATISTTCAL MEASURE !
AND THAT IS THE CASE FOR THE PARTITION OF INDIA !
MUSLIMS HAVE NO FUTURE IN HINDOOSTHAN - WITH ANY POLITICAL PARTY !
CHAIWALA HAS CUT OFF ALL MONEY TO SCHOOLS, HOSPITALS,WELFARE AND INFRA FOR MUSLIM AREAS AND STATES
THERE ARE NO JOBS FOR MUSLIMS
WITH NO MONEY, NO PRIMARY EDUCATION, NO ENGLISH EDUCATION ----------- HOW WILL MUSLIMS ENROL IN COLLEGES OR COMPETITIVE EXAMS ?
DALIT % IS RISING AS THEY HAVE QUOTAS ! dindooohindoo
WHEN WILL THE INDIAN MUSLIMS AWAKEN ? IN WHAT STATE OF MORIBUND STUPOR ARE THEY ROTTING ?
It is for the first time that the enrolment of Muslims in higher education has declined on year on year basis. Until 2019-20, their numbers had been increasing, though at a varying rate, and had gradually gone up from 6.97 lakh, (or 2.53% of the total enrolment in higher education) in 2010-11 to 21.01 Lakh (5.45%). The rate of growth in Muslim enrolment has, however, been declining lately. During the 2010-11 to 2014-15 quinquennial, the enrolment of Muslims in higher education grew by 15.03% per year which slowed down to 3.56% during the 2015-16 to 2020-21 sexennial. A decline in Muslim enrolment in higher education by a whopping 8.53% in one year is simply inexplicable.
https://thedailyguardian.com/why-are-muslims-missing-from-higher-education/
The latest edition of the All India Survey of Higher Education (AISHE), as published by the Ministry of Education, Government of India, reports that the number of Muslims in higher education declined from 21.01 Lakh in 2019-20 to 19.22 Lakh in 2020-21. Thus 1.79 Lakh Muslim students are missing from the higher education system of the country. As a result, the share of Muslim students in higher education has come down from 5.45% to 4.64% during the corresponding period.
This is when the total enrolment in higher education in India has gone up from 3.85 crore to 4.14 crore during the same period. This is also when, the enrolment of all other social groups – the Scheduled Castes (SCs), Scheduled Tribes (STs) and the Other Backward Castes (OBCs) has gone up. The only groups that have seen a decline are Persons with Disabilities, Muslims and Other Minorities.
Disquietingly, the share of Muslim students has declined across all higher educational institutions: central universities, from 8.41 to 8.24%; institutions of national importance, 1.92 to 1.87%; public-funded state universities, 5.29 to 4.30%; self-financed private universities, 4.25 to 3.87%; government deems universities, 1.10 to 1.03%; government-aided deemed universities, 14.55 to 11.84%; self-financed private deemed universities, 3.47 to 3.04%; colleges of central universities, 4.68 to 3.58%; and colleges of state universities from 6.05 to 5.09%.
What is all the more perturbing is the fact that Muslim enrolment in higher education has declined in 22 out of 36 states and Union Territories. In absolute numbers, the decline has been in UP (58,365), Jammu & Kashmir (47,334), Maharashtra (15,424), Tamil Nadu (14,593), Gujarat (10,909), Bihar (10,208), Andhra Pradesh (9,644), Jharkhand (9,263), Karnataka (6,153), Assam (5, 424), Delhi (5,271), Madhya Pradesh (2,862), Haryana (2,432), Manipur (2,049), Odisha (1,359), Rajasthan (1,193), Puducherry (785), Tripura (768), Chhattisgarh (691) and Himachal Pradesh (588), Arunachal Pradesh (57) and Meghalaya (16).
The Pathetic state of the Indian Muslim
Uttarakhand: Posters Put Up in Purola Warning Muslims to Vacate Their Shops
https://thewire.in/communalism/purola-posters-muslims-vacate-shops
Row Over Social Media Posts On Aurangzeb, Tipu Sultan In Maharashtra’s Kolhapur
https://www.outlookindia.com/national/row-over-social-media-posts-on-aurangzeb-tipu-sultan-in-maharashtra-s-kolhapur-news-292807
THE PATHETIC INDIAN MUSLIMS DO NOT UNDERSTAND !
1ST CHAIWALA TOOK THEIR JOBS AND LIFE,AND NDW,HE IS AFTER THEIR MONEY !
THE MUSLIM TRADERS HAVE SET UP BUSINESSES, GOODWILL AND A MARKET ! WHAT DOES THE PANWARI BANIA,KAYASTHA WANT ?
HE WANTS THEIR BUSINESS ! SO THE BANIA ENGINEERS,A RIOT ! TO DESTROY THE MUSLIM BUSINESS AND TAKE IT OVER ! IT IS AN ACQUISITION AT NO COST FOR PANWARI BANIA !
AND SO, THE BANIA FUNDS THE SCUM OF THE BAJRANG DAL, VHP ............. LIKE IN PUROLA ABOVE
BLACK CROSSES HAVE BEEN PAINTED,ON THE SHOPS OF MUSLIMS,IN PUROLA !
WHO FINANCES THE VHP ETC. ? IT IS THE PANWARI BANIA - WHO ARE ALSO THE TRUSTEES ! HAVE THESE PANWARI BANIAS SHED 1 DROP OF BLOOD FOR HINDOOSTHAN ?
NEIN !
THESE DENSE PUROLA MUSLIMS THINK THAT THE UTTARAKHAND PANDOO POLICE,WILL SAVE THEM ! IT IS WITH THE BLESSINGS OF THE PANDOO UTTARAKHAND POLICE.
BANIA = GUPTA MEEESHTAN BHANDAR + AGARWAL SWEETS CORNER + JAIN BOOK SHOP + PATEL/SHAH GUJARATI BHAIYO !
AND WHO STIRS UP THE COMMUNUAL PASSIONS ? ZEE/ABP/INDIA TV/AAJTAK.OR-NOOO-B-GOO SWAMEE. THEY ARE ALL OWNED AND ANCHORED BY PANWARI BANIA SCUM !
WHICH IS Y I SAY THAT BANIAS ARE SCUM AND A LEGIT TARGET ! U WILL NOT FIND 1 SOLDIER WHO IS A BANIA !
VHP has availed of tax benefits,as a charitable institution, although,it is exists for the benefit of a specific religion.Killing Muslims,Cow lynching,Love jehad,Stopping conversions, Reconverting Christians and Muslims,is not charity.
VHP is a front, to raise funds to arm and increase the spread of rabid hate mongering factories of the Bajrang Dal,Durga Vahini,Ram Sena etc.,and has been subject to ED and other enquiries,for money laundering from London/USA,as also,large scale fraud and money laundering,for the construction of the Ram Temple.
IN OTHER WORDS,VHP HAS STATE SUPPORT AND IS AN EXTENSION OF THE BJP !
VHP IS RAISING FUNDS FROM THE USA,TI DIVERT TO ARMING BAJRANG DAL AND OTHER LUNATICS OF THEIR ILK - AND THE US GOVTT IS ALLOWING THE SANE,AND PROVIDING THEM WITH TAX SHELTERS -- IN THE US !
ARE AMERICANS SLEEPING ? ATTACKS ON CHURCHES AND RAPES OF NUNS ARE ALL FINANCED BY AMERICAN MONEY !
THESE DUMB VHP TOADS AND RATS DO NOT REALISE THAT UTTARAKHAND HAS HARDIWAR,RISHIKESH AND THE KUMBH ! THEY ARE A PRIME TARGET FOR AN EL CLASSICO EVENT !
WHO WILL AWAKEN THE INDIAN MUSLIMS IN RIP VAN WINKLE MODE ? dindooohindoo
THE INCIDENTS AS ABOVE PROVE THAT, THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION IS A RAG !
IT MEANS NOTHING ! FOR NON HINDOOS AND FREE THINKERS !
THIS IS WHAT HAPPENS WHEN THE JUDGES SLEEP,WHEN U HAVE THE BULLDOZER ACT,IN YOGI GOBARNATH LAND,AND COW LYNCHING AND LOVE JEHAD,AND THE OPEN CLARION CALLS TO EXTERMINATE !
U GIVE A LICENSE TO THE "MOB" ! THE MOB CREATES RIOTS AND ATTACKS PANDOO POLICE STATIONS TO COERCE THE PANDOO TO FILE FALSE FIRs !
BUT WAIT A MINUTE ! WHO RULES HINDOOSTHAN ? IT IS THE MOB ! THE CHICAGO MOB WAS SUAVE, CLASSY, SEXY, HOT, AND INFLUENCED BY MONEY !
THE CHAIWALA MOB IS LUMPEN,HEATHEN,CRETINOUS,VERMIN,ILLITERATE AND MOTIVATED BY A BLOOD LUST TO KILL MUSLIMS AND CHRISTIANS !
I present the provisions of the Uttarakhand Freedom of Religion Act,2018,as under:
Section 2 (i) – Restricts the definition of religion to an “organized system of faith.. etc”,AS PREVAILING IN INDIA,only.Why is the definition restricted to Indian Religions and why the emphasis on an “organised” faith ?
Section 3 Proviso – States that a conversion by FRAUD,is NOT an offence,if the converted person, RECONVERTS to his old religion.Is this NOT a clear restriction on professing and propagating religion
Section 8(1) – States that a convertee,before conversion has to give a notice to the DM and then in Section 8(3),there will be a police enquiry as to the intent,purpose and cause of the conversion.Why should a sentient take permission from the DM and the Police ? Can there a better example of the fact that Uttarakhand is run by criminal mafias and a rabid Hindoo coterie of lumpens and heathens ?
Section 13 – States that the Burden of Proof, to state, that the conversion was not induced by coercion etc., is on the CONVERTER.This is again,so shockingly outrageous, that it makes one wonder,if the Constitution has any worth in this state
WHAT CONSTITUTION ?
WHAT UDHR ?
WHAT ICCPR OR ICESCR ?
AS THE GREATEST INDIAN/HINDOO PHILOSOPHER SAID IN MAY 2023 "Has Dictatorship Come to This Country"
THE NAME OF THAT PHILOSOPHER IS HER HIGHNESS MS SAKSHI MALLIK - AND OLYMPIC MEDALLION WRESTLER
https://www.rediff.com/sports/report/has-dictatorship-come-to-this-country-sakshi-malik-vinesh-phogat-wrestlers/20230529.htm
THIS IS THE REALITY OF HINDOOSTHAN - WHICH THE PAKISTAN MOFA NEEDS TO SPREAD AROUND THE WORLD
FORGET THE HAPLESS INDIAN MUSLIMS
A YEAR OLD MANIPUR CATHOLIC AND HIS CATHOLIC MOTHER AND 1 MORE WERE BURNT ALIVE IN MANIPUR IN AN AMBULANCE ON SUNDAY !
https://scroll.in/article/1050452/how-a-seven-year-old-boy-and-two-women-were-burnt-alive-in-an-ambulance-in-manipur
THE MOB WAS HINDOO
THE KILLED WERE CHRISTIANS
THE FATHER OF THE 7 YEAR OLD CHILD,WAS HINDOO !
THE MOTHER WHO WAS KILLED WAS FROM OPPOSITE TRIBE AND A CHRISTIAN !
A LONG TIME AGO A MAN CALLED GRAHAM STAINES AND HIS 2 KIDS WERE BURNT ALIVE IN A VAN BY BAJRANG DAL
MANIPUR HAS A BJP GOVTT !
ENTIRE VILLAGES HAVE BEEN RAZED ! CHURCHES HAVE BEEN RAZED DOWN !
IS THERE A PATTERN HERE !
THE HAPLESS HINDOO ARMY IS ASKING THE CHRISTIANS AND MINORITIES TO DISARM ! SO THAT THEY CAN BE EXTERMINATED ! THIS IS THEIR STRATEGY !
BOTTOM LINE !
HINDOOS CANNOT LIVE WITH MUSLIMS AND CATHOLICS
NEHRU'S INDIA IS DEAD
PARTITION OF EACH NORTH EASTERN STATE IS REQUIRED ON RACE AND RELIGION
THE NORTH EAST HAVE TO SERIOUSLY CONSIDER BECOMING A SAR OF PRC ! JUST GO TO PRC AND SEE THE PROSPERITY !
THIS IS THE REALITY OF THE HINDOOSTHAN OF CHAIWALA !
THERE IS NO MEDIA REPORTAGE OF THE SAME - AS THE MEDIA IS RUN BY PANWARI BANIA SCUM OF THE SAME PEDIGREE AS CHAIWALA !
THERE IS NO HOPE FOR MUSLIMS AND CHRISTIANS IN HINDOOSTHAN ! IT IS AS CLEAR AS SUNRISE,AND SO, THE PARTITION OF HINDOOSTHAN,IS AS INEVITABLE,AS SUNSET !
HOW DID THE BANIAS AND BRAHMINS OF NORTH BLOCK,CON THE NSCN AND OTHER NORTH EAST GROUPS ? BY THE STRATEGY OF FATIGUE !
ABSOLUTISM = RECKON THE ABSOLUTE IMPOSSIBILITY,OF LIME AND MILK.
THERE IS NO POINT IN TALKING TO THE CHAIWALA OR THE HINDOOS !EVEN IF NEHRU RISES LIKE LAZARUS - THERE IS NO HOPE - AS NEHRU WILL DIE AGAIN ! AND THEN, THERE WILL BE MORE HELL !
PARTITION OF HINDOOSTHAN IS NOT POSSIBLE,W/O THE COMPLETE DESTRUCTION,OF HINDOOSTHAN !
AND THAT IS WHERE COMES IN,THE PROPHECY OF NIAMATULLAH SHAH !
THE END IS NIGH !
AND THE TALE OF THE HINDOOOSTHAN DISASTER,WILL BE INCOMPLETE,WITHOUT THE ROLE OF THE PANDOO POLICE !
TAKE THE SAMPLE OF THE UTTARAKHAND PANDOO POLICE ! AND THE STORY OF PUROLA ABOVE,WHERE MUSLIMS HAVE BEEN TOLD TO EXIT ! NOW WHAT WILL THE MUSLIMS DO ? GO TO THE PANDOO POLICE ?
IN THIS STATE,THE STATE RECORDS AND SCHOOL EDUCATION,IS IN HINDI ! THE PANDOOS HAVE NO KEN OF THE CONSTITUTION !THEY SAY THAT,THEY FOLLOW THE HINDOO GITA !
EVEN THE OFFICERS,ARE BARELY ENGLISH LITERATE ! WHAT RIGHTS WILL THESE PANDOOS PROTECT ?
LIKE ALL PANDOOS - UTTARAKHAND PANDOO POLICE ARE CHORS AND ANTI-MUSLIM ! BUT THEY HAVE A CERTIFICATION WHICH EVEN THE UP POLICE DOES NOT HAVE
the ‘Smart Policing Index survey conducted by the Indian Police Foundation’,ranks the Uttarakhand Police, as the THIRD from the bottom in the Perception Score of Police Accountability
https://www.policefoundationindia.org/images/resources/pdf/IPF_Survey_Report_on_Indian_Police_2021.pdf
The racial and religious bias of the Uttarakhand Police, is well known all over the world. The Centre for the Study of Developing Societies, which is a part of the US department of State,in its INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM REPORT,found evidence of anti-Muslim bias among police in India.In Uttarakhand,two-thirds of police surveyed felt that Muslims were more prone to commit crimes than other religious communities. In Uttarakhand, 80 percent of police personnel expressed this opinion.
https://www.state.gov/report/custom/3a0903d371/
THE PATHETOS OF THE PANDOO UTTARAKHAND POLICE,IS SUCH THAT THE CHORS CHEAT IN THE EXAMS TO BECOME PANDOOS,AND THEN,ARE CAUGHT - AND ARE STILL SERVING
https://www.rajyasameeksha.com/uttarakhand/23634-rigged-in-uttarakhand-police-recruitment-2015--16
https://www.pioneeredge.in/20-sub-inspectors-suspended-in-police-si-recruitment-paper-leak-case/?doing_wp_cron=1683560958.4448199272155761718750
The situation in the Uttarakhand Police,is so dire that,Muslims have had to ransack Police stations
https://hindupost.in/crime/muslim-mob-vandalizes-police-station-fir-against-800-haldwani-uttarakhand/
The Supreme Court has had to issue directions to the Uttarakhand Police,ON HATE SPEECH
https://www.lawinsider.in/news/sc-directed-police-forces-of-delhi-uttarakhand-up-to-take-cognizance-of-offences-without-looking-at-religion-hate-speech
The bias of the Uttarakhand Police,also extends to attacks on Christians,where the pandoos filed FIRs on the victims
https://article-14.com/post/pastors-attacked-churches-ransacked-but-uttarakhand-police-file-cases-against-victims-61a59a9b934f7
https://www.pioneeredge.in/20-sub-inspectors-suspended-in-police-si-recruitment-paper-leak-
THERE IS ANOTHER CHOR AMIT SRIVASTAVA OF THE PANDOOO UTTARAKHAND POLICE WHOM THE CHIEF JUSTICE CENSURED IN A 200 CRORES SCAM AND THE CLOWN WAS MADE AN IPS OFFICER AND A SP !
https://government.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/governance/uttarakhand-ips-officer-amit-srivastava-faces-sc-scrutiny-over-corruption-charges/90710774
https://www.indialegallive.com/constitutional-law-news/supreme-court-news/supreme-court-issues-notice-in-plea-seeking-constitution-of-sit-in-multi-crore-banking-scam-by-uttarakhand-police-officer/
WILL THESE CHORS,WEASELS,THUGS,CRIMINALS AND VERMIN,IN THE UTTARAKHAND PANDOO POLICE,SAVE THE INDIAN MUSLIMS AND CHRISTIANS ?
THEY ARE SCUM AND THE ENTIRE HINDOO POLICE FORCE IS ONLY MARGINALLY BETTER !
UTTARAKHAND PANDOO POLICE IS THE WORST OF THE SCUM,AND THE PUROLA MUSLIMS,ARE RELYING ON THESE VERMIN !
I live in the southern Indian state of Kerala where Hindus consititute only slightly over half of the population, and another 25 percent being Muslim and 20 percent being Christians. In the IT company where I worked, Christian male and especially female employees far outnumbered their Muslim counterparts. Muslim men were too few and Muslim women were nowhere to be seen. Christians have a disproportionately higher representation in the upper echelons of Kerala society than their numerically smaller numbers would suggest. Its hard for me to believe that any selective persecution of Muslims can explain this. To a large extent, I suspect the growing conservatism in the Muslim society here explains this phenomenon better. For example, for the last decade or so, I have been seeing far too many Kerala Muslim women wearing abayas, niqabs and tightly bound hijabs in the Middle-Eastern styles here. A few decades earlier most of them only wore a loose shawl to cover their heads. Since Kerala has a high percentage of expatriates working in Gulf nations (and Saudi Arabia in particular), perhaps a lot of Saudi Wahhabi conservatism had been seeping in. I have no idea about the situation in northern Indian states though.
Vineeth: "Muslim men were too few and Muslim women were nowhere to be seen"
Kerala is the only state where Muslims are not languishing at the bottom of the education pile. Here, 43% Muslims go for higher education. A large number of Keralites of all faiths end up leaving India in search of better opportunities abroad.
But even Kerala is not immune from rising tide of Islamophobia in India.
The recently released Hindutva propaganda film "The Kerala Story" demonizes all Muslims as ISIS terrorists.
Please read this piece by Sheji S Edathara:
https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/rising-islamophobia-kerala-time-to-de-radicalise-grown-ups-8397584/
"The hypocrisy of pointing fingers at others while creating an unsafe and fearful environment seems to be lost on most who have fallen prey to this propaganda of hate. (Illustration by Manali Ghosh)
Recently, I happened to mention my plans to get together with some of my college friends — a diverse group of people from different religious backgrounds. To that, a close relative said: “Oh, will they be staying with you? Watch what you eat!” I immediately felt shame and remorse at my family’s views. How had a society that rarely showed religious bias grown so divisive? This interaction with my relative made me realise how anti-Muslim sentiments have taken hold of our everyday thoughts and considerations.
Hate is a mighty and destructive emotion that has the ability to poison the soul and the mind. Kerala, often seen as the most secular Indian state, at least till recent times, has been engulfed in an atmosphere of animosity against Muslims. It is disheartening to see a state praised for its harmony and amity when I was growing up, radicalised so much since".
Dear Sir
Thanks for the reply , Sir not only Indian Muslims but even other religious minorities like Sikh and Christian’s are subjected to such kind of inferior treatment in India . Their are many Indian Christian’s who have migrated from India and moved to America and other western countries and their they have formed their politician parties and organizations and they speak for the rights of Christian’s in India and they even recieve support from the governments of those countries .
Salam Sir
Another important thing , I have seen that many Indians come to newspages of Pakistan on Facebook and on YouTube channels of Pakistan and they make insulting comments about Pakistan and Pakistanis . They say that Pakistanis are Madrasas graduate and they don’t know what is actual education and knowledge . Sir pls pls can you make a blog about it and show mirror to these Indians ? Can you pls explain in your blog that mashallah how much has the students in Pakistan improved themselves and how many students in Pakistan have enrolled in schools , colleges and universities over the past few decades ? And can you pls explain the realities about Madrasas in Pakistan ?
Thanks
Ministry of Education releases All India Survey on Higher Education (AISHE) 2020-2021
https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetailm.aspx?PRID=1894517
Enrollment in higher education increases to 4.14 crore (41.4 million), crossing the 4 crore mark (40 million) for first time; increase of 7.5% from 2019-20 and 21% from 2014-15
Female enrollment reaches 2 crore mark, increase of 13 Lakh from 2019-20
Significant increase of 28% in enrolment of SC students and 38% in enrolment of Female SC Students in 2020-21, compared to 2014-15.
Substantial increase of 47% in enrolment of ST students and 63.4% increase in the enrolment of Female ST Students in 2020-21, compared to 2014-15.
Significant increase of 32% in OBC Student enrolment and 39% in Female OBC Students, since 2014-15.
Notable increase of 29% in Student Enrolment and 34% in Female Student Enrolment in the North Eastern Region in 2020-21 since 2014-15.
Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) has improved from previous year for all social groups
Enrollment in Distance Education has increased by 7% in 2020-21 from 2019-20
Number of Universities has increased by 70, number of Colleges has increased by 1,453, in 2020-21 over 2019-20
Gender Parity Index (GPI) has increased from 1 in 2017-18 to 1.05 in 2020-21
Total number of faculty/teachers increases by 47,914 from 2019-20
Posted On: 29 JAN 2023 7:20PM by PIB Delhi
Higher Education enrollment in India (41.4 million) is much higher than Pakistan (3.04 million) in 2020-21.
However the rate of growth over the last 5 years in higher education enrollment in Pakistan (12% since 2019-20, 134% since 2014-15) is much faster than in India (7.5% since 2019-20, 21% since 2014-15).
Sources: AISHI India and HEC Pakistan
https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetailm.aspx?PRID=1894517#:~:text=Since%202014%2D15%2C%20there%20has,1.88%20crore%20in%202019%2D20.
https://www.hec.gov.pk/english/universities/hes/Pages/HEDR-Statistics.aspx
A third of India's most sought after engineering graduates leave the country
https://qz.com/a-third-of-indias-iit-graduates-leave-the-country-1850522071
https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w31308/w31308.pdf
Banaras Hindu University saw a 540% spike in immigration among graduates after it was turned as an IIT in 2012
One-third of those graduating from the country’s prestigious engineering schools, particularly the Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs), migrate abroad.
Such highly-skilled persons account for 65% of the migrants heading to the US alone, a working paper (pdf) of the US-based National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) has concluded.
Nine out of 10 top scorers in the annual joint entrance examination held nationally for admission to the IITs and other reputed engineering colleges have migrated. Up to 36% of the top 1,000 scorers, too, have taken this path, according to the paper published this month.
In the US, there is a long list of IIT graduates now leading executives and CEOs. However, most immigrants move to the US as students and eventually join the US workforce. The NBER paper found that 83% of such immigrants pursue a Master’s degree or a doctorate.
“...through a combination of signaling and network effects, elite universities in source countries play a key role in shaping migration outcomes, both in terms of the overall propensity and the particular migration destination,” the report said.
India has 23 IITs across the country. The acceptance rates at most these hallowed institutions are lower than those of Ivy League colleges, especially at the most sought-after IITs at Kharagpur, Mumbai, Kanpur, Chennai, and Delhi. In 2023 alone, 189,744 candidates registered for the JEE, competing for only 16,598 seats.
Global economies are keen on highly skilled Indians
The US graduate program is a key pathway for migration, to recruit the “best and brightest,” the NBER report said.
Similarly, the UK’s High Potential Individual visa route lets graduates from the world’s top 50 non-UK universities, including the IITs, stay and work in the country for at least two years. For doctoral qualification, the work visa is for at least three years.
Fresh IIT graduates looking to move abroad are helped by a network of successful alumni and faculty already settled abroad, the report said. Some even provide access to particular programs where they have influence over admissions or hiring decisions.
The interesting case of Banaras Hindu University
In 2012, the century-old Banaras Hindu University (BHU), also India’s first central university, was accorded IIT status. The institute located in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, was elevated without any changes to its staff, curriculum, or admission system.
The NBER report studied 1,956 BHU students who graduated between 2005-2015 with a BTech, BPharm, MTech, or integrated dual degrees. It found a 540% increase in the probability of migration among graduates after the grant of the IIT status.
“...the quality of education/human capital acquired by the students in the cohorts before and after the change remained constant, while only the name of the university on the degree received differed,” the report said.
One metric of note is gross enrollment ratio (GER), which measures total enrollment in education as a percentage of the eligible school-aged population. India’s GER of 27.1 percent in 2019–20 seems poised to fall below the Ministry of Education’s target of achieving 32 percent by 2022.
https://www.nafsa.org/ie-magazine/2022/4/12/indias-higher-education-landscape#:~:text=One%20metric%20of%20note%20is,achieving%2032%20percent%20by%202022.
India’s higher education landscape is a mix of progress and challenges. Its scope is vast: 1,043 universities, 42,343 colleges, and 11,779 stand-alone institutions make it one of the largest higher education sectors in the world, according to the latest (2019–20) All India Survey of Higher Education Report (AISHE 2019–20).
The number of institutions has expanded by more than 400 percent since 2001, with much of the growth taking place in the private education sector, according to a major 2019 report from the Brookings Institution, Reviving Higher Education in India. This growth continued through 2019–20, according to the 2019–20 AISHE report.
Capacity is growing rapidly to serve India’s large youth population and burgeoning college-aged cohort. One metric of note is gross enrollment ratio (GER), which measures total enrollment in education as a percentage of the eligible school-aged population. India’s GER of 27.1 percent in 2019–20 seems poised to fall below the Ministry of Education’s target of achieving 32 percent by 2022. It is also significantly behind China’s 51 percent and much of Europe and North America, where 80 percent or more of young people enroll in higher education, according to Philip Altbach, a research professor at Boston College and founding director of the Center for International Higher Education.
The number of institutions has expanded by more than 400 percent since 2001. ...Capacity is growing rapidly to serve India’s large youth population and burgeoning college-aged cohort.
India has produced many noteworthy higher education institutions, including those specializing in sciences and business, though none of them take the top spots in global rankings. Its highest-ranked institution, the Indian Institute of Science, was in the 301–350 range among institutions worldwide in 2022, according to the Times Higher Education 2022 World University Rankings. China, by contrast, has 16 institutions in the top 350, including six ranked in the top 100 and two in the top 20. However, much is different about India—its central government is less efficient and empowered, there’s enormous variation between India’s 36 states and territories, there’s less affluence, and the country has a democratic political system.
Across India, there is an enormous variation in quality institutions between states. For instance, according to the National Institutional Ranking Framework of India 2021, the best colleges in the country are concentrated in 9 of India’s 28 states: Delhi, Gujarat, Haryana, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, and West Bengal. The colleges in these states are all in the ranking’s top 100 institutions, notes Eldho Mathews, deputy advisor at the National Institute of Educational Planning and Administration. In states with fewer resources, offering quality education is more of a challenge.
Other difficulties that hobble the sector include lack of sufficient funding at both the national and state levels; inefficient structure; massive bureaucracy; and corruption. An additional, formidable hurdle is to bridge the gap between graduates and jobs, as many employers have doubts about the quality of Indian graduates’ skills. In a recent survey by Wheelbox, Taggd, and the Confederation of Indian Industry, respondents rated graduates of higher education institutions below a 50 percent employability level, according to the resulting Indian Skills Report.
Indians have achieved critical mass.They need to simply scale up.
Pakistan hasn’t and it will be at least 5 years before it is stable again and can focus beyond crisis management and on institution building.
Muslims have the lowest enrollment in higher education, says a report
https://muslimmirror.com/eng/muslims-are-the-lowest-in-higher-education-says-a-report/
The recently released All India Survey on Higher Education 2020–21 says the enrollment of Muslim students dropped by 8 percent from 2019-20 – that is, by 1,79,147 students. This level of absolute decline has never happened in the recent past for any group in India. Muslims represent about 15 percent of society.
UP accounts for 36 percent of that total decline followed by Jammu and Kashmir, which accounts for 26 percent, then Maharashtra (8.5 percent), Tamil Nadu (8.1 percent), Gujarat (6.1 percent), Bihar (5.7 percent) and Karnataka (3.7 percent).
While the states that have a larger share of the Muslim population account for the higher share of decline, small states too show similar trends. For instance, between 2019-20 — 2020-21, Delhi lost about 20 percent of its Muslim students while J&K lost about 36 percent.
The Sachar Committee Report (SCR) submitted in 2006 showed that the condition of Muslims in education was comparable to, or even worse than, the country’s most backward communities. Their marginalization, since then, has deepened. Initially, Muslims were slightly above Dalits. But Dalits overtook Muslims in education in 2017-18 and in 2020-21, it was the turn of the Adivasis.
If we strictly follow the age cohort 18-23, the PLFS data confirms this trend. Muslims do even worse than Dalits and Adivasis. According to this source, only about 19 percent are currently attending higher education institutions, as against 21 percent among Adivasis, 26 percent among Dalits, 34 percent Hindu OBCs, and 45 percent Hindu upper castes.
Among major states, in 2020-21 in no state did Muslims do better than Dalits except in Tamil Nadu, Telangana, and Delhi. Advasis do better than Muslims in many states such as Rajasthan, Assam, Gujarat, Maharashtra, and Jharkhand.
UP being the most populated state pulls down the national average of Muslims. Muslims, who account for about 20 percent of the state’s population, have just 4.5 percent of total enrollment. UP alone witnessed the dropout of 58,365 Muslim students from 2019-20 — a decline of 16 percent.
If UP illustrates the story of the deepening deprivation of Muslims, Kerala offers a story of upward mobility. Kerala has not only seen positive growth in enrolment, it also tops in the percentage of Muslim youth (43 percent) who are currently attending higher education. The century-old positive discrimination in favor of Muslims has helped the community to build educational capital in the state.
Muslims in Kerala enjoy 10 percent reservation in government jobs and 12 percent in educational institutions. After Ezhavas caste (14 percent), Muslims form the largest population and also claim a large share of the quota in the state’s OBC list.
While the sources of marginalization began much before, what is new is the acceleration of such marginalization in recent times. How can this be explained? A few factors might have played a role but the key role in this context is the rising Hindu majoritarianism.
Muslims have the lowest enrollment in higher education, says a report
https://muslimmirror.com/eng/muslims-are-the-lowest-in-higher-education-says-a-report/
First, is the bleak employment opportunities faced by Muslims as they face the highest unemployment rate among socio-religious groups? The percentage of unemployment among Muslims rose from 1.6 percent in 2018-19 to 13.2 percent in 2019-20. This data certainly reflects discrimination against Muslims in the job market. It has been found by the surveyors that the same CV is sent with Brahmin names, Dalit names, and Muslim names, and the percentage of those invited to an interview is the lowest in the case of Muslims.
Second is the weak economic condition of the Muslim candidates and they may not have enough money for higher studies as they need to work to make a living. Hence, the high dropout rate among Muslim youth in higher education is noticed.
Third, the ongoing ghettoization process of the Muslims in almost all Indian cities has restricted their spatial mobility and has forced them to withdraw into their shells, and thus lack of interest in higher education.
Lastly, the state support for Muslims has come down sharply under the BJP rule. Karnataka which had been providing Muslims a sub-quota of 4 per cent within the OBC quota was scrapped recently by the BJP government. The Ministry of Minority Affairs has stopped the Maulana Azad Fellowship dedicated to pursuing higher education for minority students from 2022-23.
The only remedy to arrest the declining trend of Muslim enrolment in higher education is that the government should evolve a positive discrimination policy for Muslims in India. The Sachar Committee Report and the Mishra Report have recommended initiating a positive discrimination policy in favor of Muslims — something some southern states have done successfully but not the states that have a high Muslim population.
What does discrimination by targeting the Muslim population intend to achieve by targeting their access to higher education wants to achieve? Obviously, it is done with the intention to manufacture second-class citizens who cannot stand up as equals to caste Hindus. But will this policy result in the harmonious development of the country?
Rs65bn allocated to HEC in current expenditure, Rs70bn in development expenses
Pakistan Endowment Fund being created to award scholarships to school, college students on merit.
https://www.samaaenglish.tv/news/40038438
Rs65 billion are being allocated to the Higher Education Commission in the current expenditure, and Rs70 billion in the development expenditure.
A Pakistan Endowment Fund is being created for financial assistance in the education sector for which Rs5 billion have been set aside in the budget. This Fund will award scholarships to school and college students on merit.
“Our target is that no hardworking student should have to quit higher education over lack of resources,” the minister said in his speech.
Under the laptop scheme that was run successfully in Punjab in 2013-18, the federal government in the current fiscal year distributed 100,000 laptops to merit-based deserving students. To continue this scheme, Rs10 billion have been allocated in the next financial year.
Rs5 billion have been allocated for the development of professional sports, schools and colleges.
OpenAI CEO Sam Altman: Pretty Hopeless for Indian Companies to Try and Compete with them
https://indianyug.com/openai-ceo-sam-altman-pretty-hopeless-for-indian-companies-to-try-and-compete-with-them/
Sam Altman, the creator of ChatGPT, expressed his belief that India’s attempt to develop a foundational AI model similar to ChatGPT may not be worth pursuing.
CEO of OpenAI and creator of ChatGPT Sam Altman was in India for the last couple of days. His visit was concentrated broadly on the way forward and regulation in the area of artificial intelligence (AI).
Meeting with the students of Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology (IIIT) Delhi on Thursday, June 8, 2023, for a one-on-one session with Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi, the 38-year-old techie’s emphasis was on the AI tool.
During his visit to India, Sam Altman’s one statement captured the attention of Indians, coinciding with the country’s efforts to formulate AI regulations under the Digital India Bill. The bill, which has been in progress since the previous year, signifies the timing of Altman’s visit.
Sam Altman claimed that Indians would be “totally hopeless” if they attempted to develop something akin to ChatGPT.
This observation gained widespread attention, particularly considering the challenges that tech enthusiasts often face in the country.
Altman’s remarks about the difficulty of freely expressing opinions without taking responsibility for their accuracy among Indian techies sparked a viral response on social media soon after he made them.
Dear Sir
Yes it is true the chat GPT software is based on foundational model of AI but Sir it is also based on . AI .
. AI is actually a tool or a program which is used to automate scheduling as far as I know or remember .
Thanks
Dear Sir
Thanks for sharing this news about Sam Altman the CEO of OPEN AI . Sir I just saw this news yesterday and when he threw this challenge on Indians , some of the CEOs of Indian companies accepted his challenge . Do you think the Indian IT professionals specially AI engineers and AI researchers( If they have some) will be able to design such basic model of AI for a chat software ?
Thanks
INDIAN MUSLIMS DO NOT GET THE CHAIWALA FORUMLA
THE KOHLAPUR AURANGZEB EXPERIMEMT !
https://scroll.in/article/1050748/why-an-instagram-post-shared-by-teens-sparked-a-riot-in-kolhapur
THE HANOOMAN BANDAR SENA WILL PLACE A POST ON FACEBOOK,ON AURANGZEB,OR MAY BE,IT IS A BOT !
THE VANAR SENA WILL THEN,MAKE IT VIRAL !
RIOTS + SHUTDOWNS + PRESSURISING PANDOO POLICE TO FILE FIR - WHICH IN INDIA,IS NOTHING,AS THE CAUSAL LINK BETWEEN THE POST AND THE RIOT,IS ESTABLISHED !
THEN COMES THE PANWARI BANIA MEDIA,OF ZEE/ABP/NEWS18............ AND THEIR AUNTIES AND UNCLES,AS ANCHORS ! THERE ARE MANY AUNTIES,LIKE BABY HIPPO,NAVIKA CHWALA OF TOINS,AND THERE ARE THE EVERGREEN UNCLES,LIKE OR-NOO-B HGOO-SWAMEE AND FAT PANCHO AMEESH DEVGUN OF IBN !
THESE BANIA GUPTA MEESHTAN BHANDAR AND THEIR TALK SHOWS,ARE MEANT TO LAMPOON AND DEMONISE ISLAM.
THEN THESE BANIA TV SHOWS,HAVE THEIR SOCIAL MEDIA PORTALS,WHERE TROLL ARMIES TAKE OVER !
NOW THIS IS STEP 1,OF MONETISATION,FOR BANIA ZEE AND FACEBOOK,TO PROFIT FROM THE NEWS ! MORE CLICKS AND VIEWS,OF BANIA ZEE,MEANS MORE TRP AND ADVERTS FOR ZEE,AND A SHARE IN THE AD REVENUE,TO FACEBOOK !
IN STEP 2,THE BANDARS OF THE BANDAR BRIGADE OF VHP,VANAR BAJRANG DAL........ COME ON ZEE BANIS SHOWS TO MAKE THEMSEVES A BRAND - AND THUS POLARISE SOCIETY FOR CHAIWALA VOTES ! THEIR MISSION DONE, THEY GET DOLES FROM CHAIWALA AND BANIA ZEE GETS CHAIWALA ADVERTS
IN STEP 3, THE RIOTS WIPE OUT MUSLIM BUSINESS,AND LEAD TO EXODUS ! THESE BUSINESSES ARE SCOOPED UP BY THE BANIA SCUM ! THESE BANIA SCUM ARE IN THE BJP,VHP,AND MEDIA ! TRINITY OF DOOM ! IN LIEU OF THE BUSINESS TAKEN OVER FOR FREE, THE BANIA SCUM GIVE DONATIONS TO VHP,WHICH THEN FUNNELS IT TO THE VANAR SENA OF BAJRANG DAL !
WIN WIN FOR ALL ! ZEE + VHP + BANIA+ CHAIWALA + FACEBOOK !
WHEN WILL THE DUMB INDIAN MUSLIMS AWAKEN ?
CAN THIS HAPPEN IN ANY MUSLIM NATION ? OR ANY NATION IN THE WORLD ?
WHICH IS Y I SAY -BANIAS + VHP + HINDI MEDIA = LEGIT TARGET
I haven't watched the movie "The Kerala story" which did indeed create a lot of controversy here in my state (Kerala). There was an incident here that happened years ago (when Islamic state was at its height) wherein several Keralite Hindus and Christians - both men and women - who converted to Islam under the influence of radical Islamic preachers ran away to Syria and Afghanistan to join the Islamic State. Several of them are believed to have been killed in battle, air strikes or blew themselves up as suicide bombers. A few others are believed to be still alive. From what I read, the film seems to have exaggerated this incident for political reasons. BJP has been trying hard to create a foothold in this state, but has been unsuccessful so far due to its peculiar demography. Therefore, movies like "Kashmir Files" and "Kerala Story" can be seen more as politically funded projects to expand BJP's influence. But these movies weren't released in my state and haven't had any traction here, not even among Hindus.
That said, it is a fact that there has been a certain level of radicalization among Kerala's Muslims in recent times, perhaps due to influence of Wahhabism (from Saudi Arabia), Islamic State and radical Islamic preachers. There are several Muslim political organizations here that can be considered as Islamist counterparts of BJP. Notably, many among the Christian community too have been becoming apprehensive about this and many Keralite Christian priests and even Bishops have issued statements about the threat posed by Islamic evangelism and radicalism. There was a particularly notorious incident a decade ago when a Christian college professor had his arm hacked off by extremists - allegedly from the Popular Front, an Islamist organization - for supposedly offending Prophet Mohammed. Activities of Popular Front has been under radar since then, and the organisation was banned recently which triggered a call for "bandh" (shutdown) and widespread arson by its activists.
Sensing an opportunity, BJP had been trying to win support from a section of Christians by playing on these fears, but the recent violence in Manipur where Christian tribals were targeted under a BJP government has put them back in square one.
So the bottom line is, the problem of religious radicalization in Kerala hasn't exactly been a case of black and white, or a one-way street. There has been fears (real or imagined) among a section of Hindus and Christians here about growing influence of radical Islam during the past two decades. Hindutva organizations like the BJP have been playing on those fears to create a foothold for themselves here. Since most of the Hindu votes themselves gets traditionally split between the established Congress party and the Communists in this state, BJP cannot hope to win seats in Kerala counting on conservative Hindu votes alone.
As for the Indian Express article, though I couldn't read the whole article (as it was paywalled), I guess the incident described at the beginning likely refers to "beef". Beef is freely available in nearly all non-vegetarian restaurants in Kerala (though I'm not sure if it is cattle meat or buffalo meat), and most Christians and Muslims and even many (though not all) Hindus consume them here. So I guess, it may have been a normal case of an older relative warning the author not to eat beef. I mean, it wouldn't be unusual if a Muslim youngster is warned by his parents or relatives not to try pork if he is going out with some Christian friends, wouldn't it?
IT IS NOT ABOUT THE BEEF !
LOOK AT PUROLA IN UTTARAKHAND,WHERE NAZI STYLE CROSSES ARE BEING MARKED,ON MUSLIM HOUSES,AND THE WHOLE STATE HAS TURNED INTO, AN AUSCHWITZ,FOR MUSLIMS AND CHRISTIANS
https://www.livemint.com/news/india/uttarakhand-news-muslim-traders-find-threatening-posters-on-shops-asking-them-to-vacate-immediately-11686070926600.html
WHAT IS THE BEEF ? DOES THIS HAPPEN IN ANY MUSLIM NATION ? MARKING CROSSES ?
IN 2023 !
IT IS ECONOMICS !
THIS IS UTTARAKHAND - PAHADISTAN ! THE MECCA OF THE HINDOOS !IT IS STATE WHERE THE MEDIUM OF EDUCATION IS HINDI - TO ENSURE THAT THE PEOPLE REMAIN BACKWARD AND PRIMITIVE,ILLITERATE HEATHENS AND MENIALS.
THIS STATE IS ALSO,INCICENTALLY,THE VATICAN OF CORRUPTION ! THERE ARE NO JOBS,AND SO, THE BIGGEST MONEY SPINNER FOR THE NETA = RECRUITMENT SCAMS - WHICH HAS NOT EVEN SPARED THE LEGILATIVE ASSEMBLY OF THE STATE
https://www.livehindustan.com/uttarakhand/story-vidhan-sabha-recruitment-scam-bjp-government-recruitment-uttarakhand-8152966.html
THE ENTIRE GOVTT IS STAFFED BY ILLITERATES,WHO TO SAVE THEIR JOBS AND INEPTITIDE,HAVE TO BE CORRUPT,AND FOLLOW THE MAFIA DIKTATS !
WHICH IS Y NO ACTION IS BEING TAKEN BY THE STATE,ON THESE VHP AND BAJRANG DAL THUGS !
BUT THE POINT IS,HOW DO ILLITERATE HINDI MEDIUM FOOLS,GET INTO THE BABOODOM ! THE ANSWER IS CHEATING ! THE STATE HAS 2 BOARDS, UK PSC (PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION) AND UKSSSC (Subordinate Service Selection Commission).THESE HAVE THEIR RECRUITMENT SCAMS - TO GET THE MOLES AND MULES IN
https://theprint.in/india/uttarakhand-recruitment-scam-ex-uksssc-chairman-two-others-arrested/1159604/
THE CM WOKE UP, AND CANCELLED ALL UKSSC EXAMS,AS PAPERS WERE LEAKED IN EVERY CASE ! SEE THE BEAUTY HERE ! THE MULES ARE IN,AND THEN, SELL EXAM PAPERS,AND THE SAME MULES,ARE IN THE PANDOO POLICE. THESE PAHADIS CANNOT EVEN PROTECT EXAM PAPERS ! WILL THEY SAVE THE MUSLIMS ?
https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/recruitment-scam-uttarakhand-cm-dhami-asks-officials-to-cancel-all-uksssc-examinations
THIS CULTURE OF CHEATING CAPTURES THE DNA OF THE PAHADIS ! MUSLIMS HAVE NO CASH TO PAY BRIBES !
THE PLANNING STARTS FROM THE EDUCATION IN HINDI ! WHAT CAN MUSLIMS GET FROM SUCH A NATION OR STATE OR PEOPLE ! THE PAHADIS ARE BRAIN WASHED ANTI-MUSLIMS AND ANTI-JESUS ! THERE ARE NO JOBS FOR THE DALITS AND HINDOOS- SO,WHAT WILL THE MUSLIMS GET !
EDUCATION IS GENESIS CHAPTER 1 ! THAT LEADS TO INSTITUTIONALISED CORRUPTION AND A STATE OF SS NAZI SYMPATHISERS - WHO LOOK FOR THE EASY MEAT, EASY TARGET - THE MUSLIMS AND CHRISTIANS !
COW IS AN EXCUSE !
IT IS A STATE RUN BY THE MAFIA,OF VHP AND THEIR COHORTS - WHO ARE BUILDING THE BASE,FOR THE BJP ! THEIR SATANIC SHRINES IN HARIDWAR,RISHIKESH,BADRINATH AND KEDARNATH,RAKE IN BILLIONS OF USD FOR THE VHP SUPPLY CHAIN IN FOOD,HOTELS,REAL ESTATE, ALT HEALING RESORTS, TRANSPORT, GIFTS,SOUVENIRS,ASHRAMS,DONATIONS, ETC.
THE ENTIRE INFRA IS CREATED,BY THE STATE - BUT THE MOOLAH GOES TO VHP ! THE STATE GETS A PITTANCE,AS POWER BILLS ETC.NO ONE PAYS GST,WHEN THEY THROW CASH,FLOWERS OR SWEETMEATS,AT A SATANIC GOD ! THIS IS THE CASH COW,FOR THE VHP AND THEIR VANAR SENA !
IN THIS BUSINESS MODEL - NO MUSLIMS ARE REQUIRED ! BUT THE BUSINESS AND ASSETS AND PROPERTY OF THE MUSLIMS ARE REQUIRED !
ECONOMICS !
THE HINDOO BANIA/BRAHMIN,IS DOING THIS POGROM,INSPITE OF THE OBVOOUS AL QAEDA THREAT TO HARIDWAR,RISHIKESH ETC,WHICH ARE SITTING DUCKS AND INDEFENSIBLE !
BUT THESE FOOLS STILL,DO NOT GET IT !
AS I SAID ABOVE,"THIS CULTURE OF CHEATING CAPTURES THE DNA OF THE PAHADIS". LO AND BEHOLD - THAT IS ALSO AS PER THE PERSIANS
A “Persian dictionary”,titled “Lughet-e-Kishwari”,published in Lucknow in 1964,gives the meaning of the word Hindu as “chore [thief], dakoo [dacoit], raahzan [waylayer], and ghulam [slave].
PAHADISTAN IS A PRIME EXAMPLE,OF Y MUSLIMS NEED,A SEPARATE NATION AND Y PAHADISTAN IS A LEGIT TARGET ! THIS IS THE STORY OF HINDOOSTHAN AND CHAIWALA !
EVEN IF CHAIWALA IS KILLED,SOMEONE WILL COME AFTER A DECADE - A PERPETUAL CYCLE !
INDIAN MUSLIMS ARE DOOMED
@Riaz
These numbers may have been influenced by COVID and resulting uncertainty surrounding higher education. Muslims in North, being the community with the most visionless leadership could have suffered disproportionately.
@Vineeth
I respectfully disagree. Also your view of the Muslim situation of Kerala is entirely flawed. To begin with, only a handful of Muslims from Kerala joined ISIS and that too were converted ones under very dubious conditions. However the premiere of "Kerala story" was planned by BJP to time with Karnataka elections.
Other than some noises here and there, movie created little impact even though Modi shamelessly used Kerala story in the campaign.Even the national Bhakth media gave the movie 0.5 stars and even dared to compare it to movies like "The eternal Jew".
Now upper caste Hindus in Kerala carries some resentments against Muslims, largely due to a perceived exploitation by Muslims of the states strong education reservation system. But bigotry by Christians against Muslims have absolutely nothing to do with that. Bigotry of Catholic church in Kerala against Islam is almost entirely driven by an antiquated view of state's Muslims who are among most advanced probably in entire South asia. Further to that, there has been significant influence of American and Israeli fundamentalist evangelical Christianity via Christian expats.
Church leadership in Kerala carried an air of superiority and cultural arrogance against Muslims, thinking that there is something inherently superior in Christianity that helped them to prosper. The truth couldn't be any further from that. Christians in Kerala did extremely well post independence due to an outrageous amount of economic, cultural and political advantage which they enjoyed under European colonial rule.
You have to keep in mind that Kerala was the very first European colonial settlement in subcontinent, changing the course of history. Muslims in Kerala trace their origins to Arab traders prior to that, even though there has been significant mingling with local Hindus over 1400 years. Under European colonial rule, Muslims suffered disproportionately, which helped local Christians to see them as inferiors. Now Gulf migration and highly progressive steps by local Muslim organisations changed the situation dramatically and Muslims are challenging Christians in education and healthcare -- areas which were considered monopoly of Christian missionaries.
Unfortunately, this has led official Christian leadership to come up with many Islamophobic conspiracy theories such as Love Jihad, Narcotics Jihad, and even "Education Jihad" etc. with little conscience and decency that you'd expect in a civil society.
THE PATHETOS OF THE INDIAN MUSLIMS
THE SUPREME COURT HAS MADE A DIRECTION A FEW DAYS AGO ON HATE SPEECH - WHICH IS OPENLY FLOUTED BY THE UTTARAKHAND PANDOO POLICE.THIS IS A STATE WHERE MUSLIMS ARE FACING THE EXODUS EVENT IN PUROLA AND CROSSES BEING MARKED ON THEIR HOUSES !
https://www.indiatoday.in/law/story/supreme-court-order-hate-speech-states-contempt-warning-2365897-2023-04-28
Radha Semwal Dhoni
This PAHADI TART has videos on Twitter/Facebook,abusing Mulims/Islam and the Prophet PBUH
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=RADHA++SEMWAL+DHONI
This woman also steers/goads and coaxes Hindu limpet heathens, to demolish mazars
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vk6L3fzk3tg
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_W0TmD_cpb4
The TART has herself demolished mazars (live video below)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zmOmUUEYQBk
Media reportage on the TART
https://sabrangindia.in/article/radha-semwal-dhoni-emerging-far-right-menace-uttarakhand
https://www.thejaipurdialogues.com/featured/radha-semwal-is-working-against-majar-jihad-in-uttarakhand/
https://www.siasat.com/uttarakhand-hindutva-goons-demolish-mazar-claim-it-was-built-on-state-land-2538388/
https://dfrac.org/en/2023/03/28/hate-in-hills-uttarakhand-turns-into-hysteria-of-minorityphobia/
https://flipboard.com/topic/dehradun/radha-semwal-dhoni-hindutva-leader-who-targets-mazars-minorities-many-hindus/a-tiYmOy-iRZaDSv3DsblLBw%3Aa%3A106586776-d2cbc836f6%2Fthequint.com
https://www.reddit.com/r/unitedstatesofindia/comments/11vg8t3/radha_semwal_dhoni_hindutva_leader_who_targets/
https://sabrangindia.in/article/radha-semwal-dhoni-physically-assaults-three-christians-and-accuses-them-forcing-children
The Corrupt UKD Police
This TART is photographed with UKD Police staff on her Facebook page
WHAT HOPE HAVE THE PETHETIC INDIAN MUSLUMS,FROM THE CORRUPT PANDOO UTTARAKHAND POLICE OR THE JUDICIARY - WHICH CANNOT TAKE SUO MOTO COGNISANCE,EVEN AFTER A SUPREME COURT DIRECTION
THE SOLUTION !
MANIPUR !
THE KUKIS,NAGAS AND MYANAMERESE,HAVE BROUGHT THE STATE,TO A GRIND ! THEY HAVE M-16 AND M-4 RIFLES FROM MYANAMAR ! THEY HAVE PILLAGED THE ARMOURY OF THE PANDOO,AND STOLEN ALL THE WEAPONS ! THE WEAPONS LEFT BACK ARE DESTROYED !
EVEN THE AMMO IS DESTROYED !
ALL THAT REMAINS IS TO CUT THE ROAD LINKS AND BRIDGES ! THAT WILL CUT OFF THE STATE FROM THE HINDOOS - EXCEPT FOR THE PLA COLUMNS !
MANIPUR = WAR OF THE ABRAHAMIC FAITHS AND BUDDHISTS AND ATHEISTS ON THE HINDOOS AND HINDOO
CULT-URE ! IT IS A CRUSADE !
IT IS NEXT TO MEGHALAYA - WHICH HAS HUGE QTY OF HIGH GRADE URANIUM WAITING TO BE PICKED !
HINDOOISM IS NOT A RELIGION - IT IS A CULT-URE ! A CULT OF SATAN !
WHICH IS Y ISLAMIC WARRIORS ACHIEVED SUCH SUCCESS IN DESTROYING HINDOOS ! AND THOSE WHO AIDED THE HINDOOS WERE DESTROYED !
THE AUNTY TART RADHA SEMWAL DHONI,IS A PAHADI TART,OF UTTARAKHAND,WHOSE COORDINATES ARE KNOWN ! BUT THE MUSLIMS OF UTTARAKHAND ARE WEASEL RATS - THEY DO NOTHING ! THE HISTORY OF THESE PAHADIS IS THAT AKBAR DROVE THEM AWAY FROM RAJASTHAN AND THESE RATS RAN,WITH THEIR WOMEN , TO THE MOINTAINS - WHERE THE HORSES AND SOLDIERS OF AKBAR LET THEM ROT !
THE SSG CAN NOTE THE ABOVE,WHEN THEY CONDUCT THEIR "SPECIAL OP" SOJOURNS,ACROSS THE LOC
REGARDING INDIAN MUSLIMS WHO THINK OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN HINDOOSTHAN
India’s National Human Rights Commission At Risk Of Losing Top-Level Ranking For Second Time Since 1999
https://article-14.com/post/india-s-national-human-rights-commission-at-risk-of-losing-top-level-ranking-for-second-time-since-1999-646d7da57e755
THAT IS THE CONDITION OF RIGHTS IN HINDOOSTHAN !
#India’s deadly #traincrash: Forget the truth, blame it on #Muslims. It’s the latest instance of how in an #Islamophobic India, justice and accountability have themselves been derailed. #Hindutva #Islamophobia #Modi #BJP https://aje.io/dqenql via @AJEnglish
By Apoorvanand
Apoorvanand teaches Hindi at the University of Delhi. He writes literary and cultural criticism.
It happens only in India that even a train accident is used as an opportunity to demonise Muslims.
Just after the recent terrible train crash near Balasore station in the eastern state of Odisha, in which more than 280 people died, posts started circulating on different social media platforms and WhatsApp groups, blaming Muslims for the accident.
Could it be a coincidence that it was a Friday when three trains collided with each other in Odisha? As if the Friday angle was not sufficient, a lie was invented that the station master was Muslim. To make it look more sinister, the photo of a religious shrine near the railway track where the accident had taken place was spread on social media claiming that it was a mosque, suggesting that there must be some link between the mosque and the accident.
It was immediately exposed as a lie. It was a Hindu temple and not a mosque. But imagine if it had actually been a mosque – the baseless conspiracy theory would have received fresh wings.
Sadly, fact-checking only cements doubts created by fake news in minds that are already prejudiced against Muslims and are being told day and night that Muslims are conspiring against the nation. These are minds trained to think that there is a need to keep an eye on Muslims and to subjugate them using laws and, if necessary, violence.
The railway minister ordered an inquiry into the accident by the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI), which has long given up the pretence of acting as an independent investigative agency and is principally used to target political opponents and probe cases along ideological lines laid down by the country’s ruling masters.
In this case, handing the case over to the CBI circumvents the normal process in such situations, which is an investigation by the commissioner of safety. The result: Instead of paying attention to flaws in safety measures, which could raise uncomfortable questions for the government, the investigation into the accident will now keep alive a criminal conspiracy theory. It aligns with the rumours spread just after the accident.
Close on the heels of this accident, the chief minister of the state of Assam, Himanta Biswa Sarma, made a speech to discourage the use of chemicals in farming. Giving it an anti-Muslim twist, he vowed that “fertiliser jihad” would not be allowed. He was using this occasion to target Bengali Muslims in his state, whose main occupation is farming. Suggesting that they were spoiling the land by using chemicals, he was giving yet another justification for evicting Bengali Muslims and taking away their land, building on a campaign he has relentlessly pursued in recent years.
Sarma is recovering from the defeat of the BJP, his party, in the legislative election for the state of Karnataka, where he was a star campaigner. He, along with other leaders of the BJP, turned the election into an anti-Muslim hate campaign, saying that he had closed hundreds of madrasas and would ensure that all are closed. He also parroted familiar tropes about Indian Muslims, portraying them as against family planning. Statistics show that rates of polygamy are almost identical among Hindus and Muslims in India, and Muslim fertility rates have fallen sharply in recent decades. But facts are inconvenient when the aim is to spread lies about a religious minority community.
> Number of Indian Muslims attending colleges and universities has declined by 8% to 1.9 million in 2020-21, from 2.1 million in 2019-20, according to Indian government data. In the same period, the higher education enrollment in Pakistan has risen about 12%, from 2.7 million to over 3 million. Both India and Pakistan have about the same population of Muslims.
Quite a meaningless comparison (hint -- look at the age pyramids for Muslims in India and Muslims in Pakistan, and the number of people in the relevant age groups rather than the overall population). In 2011, Muslims in India had already begun their demographic transition, while Pakistan has not even started.
That said, the fall in enrollment in 2020-21 suggests India's Muslim community was disproportionately distressed by COVID.
The very same AISHE report gives these numbers for Muslim enrollment:
2016-17: 1,739,218
2017-18: 1,837,609
2018-19: 1,959,004
2019-20: 2,100,860
2020-21: 1,921,713
Muslims are the poorest religious group in India | Latest News India - Hindustan Times
https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/muslims-in-india-the-poorest-religious-group-with-high-inequality-and-limited-opportunities-data-analysis-reveals-101688097160955.html
Muslims have the lowest asset/consumption levels among major religious groups…
An HT analysis of unit level data from the latest All India Debt and Investment Survey (AIDIS) and Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) shows that they have the lowest asset and consumption levels among major religious groups in India. Average consumption and asset values for Muslims are 87.9% and 79% of the all-India average and 87.8% and 79.3% of the average values for Hindus. Religious groups which have a population share of less than 1% have been clubbed in the “others” category.
There is often a lot of dog-whistling about the population of Muslims increasing at a higher pace than other religious groups in India. While most such commentary is ill-informed – this was discussed in detail in these pages (https://tinyurl.com/2mhjxnn2) — Muslims do have an overrepresentation problem when it comes to their relative share in population among the poor. A comparison of relative share – among every decile class by assets ; it basically measures the share in a given decile class divided by overall share in population – shows that Muslims are concentrated in the bottom half of India’s population and outnumber the Hindus in relative terms in each of the bottom six deciles.
A comparison of average asset/MPCE values across social groups among Hindus and Muslims shows this clearly. The average asset value for non-SC/ST/OBC Muslims – they are the non-Pasmanda Muslims – is not just lower than the average value for non-SC/ST/OBC Hindus but also lower than that of Hindu OBCs, which shows that the claims of Muslim upper castes enjoying disproportionate economic power are just not true.
The PLFS gives data on both the status of workers (whether regular wage, self-employed, or casual) and the type of enterprise (such as government, public and private limited companies) at which a worker is employed. This shows that even non-SC/ST/OBC Muslims have a low share in regular jobs (the average wage in such jobs is the highest) compared to other religions. A comparison with caste groups among Hindus shows that non-SC/ST/OBC Muslims only do better than ST and SC Hindus. The disadvantage for Muslims becomes even bigger if one looks at their share in government jobs, a fact which has been pointed out by the Sachar Committee among others. To be sure, the low share of Muslims among the better jobs in India need not necessarily be a result of discrimination in the hiring process. Rather, it could be the result of Muslim job-seekers lagging in terms of educational qualifications, which is bound to have a big role in employability. And sure enough, an HT analysis of PLFS data shows that the share of people with a graduate or higher degree among India’s Muslim labour force is the lowest among all major religions.
The numbers discussed in this two-part data series clearly show that while Muslims do not have a bigger intra-community inequality problem in India, they are desperately in need of overall educational and economic upliftment. While there is some merit in the claim that such aspirations are often missing in the articulation of most Muslim politicians -- a section of Muslim political leadership in India has been self-serving, conservative, even communal, one cannot but ask the question whether or not the majoritarian turn in India’s politics has relegated the economic concerns of majority of Muslims behind their concerns over identity. Even here, the poorest Muslims are the worst sufferers. To give an anecdotal example, vigilante groups forcibly shutting down meat shops on various occasions often hurt the poorest Muslims.
India’s discrimination against Muslims expands to housing | FairPlanet
https://www.fairplanet.org/story/indias-discrimination-against-muslims-expands-to-housing/
Housing discrimination is not new in India as religious differences are increasingly polarised in the Hindu-majority country. When Hera Sajid moved to Mumbai from Delhi in 2017, she was not aware that such discrimination existed in the metropolitan cities. When she started looking for houses in Mumbai, she realised that her options were limited due to her faith.
“When the owner got to know that I was a Muslim, his demeanour changed. The broker turned to me asking if I was a Muslim,” Hera Sajid, a script supervisor, told FairPlanet. Later on, Hera was rejected for the same reason.
While this discrimination can look like rare incidents limited to a society or a region, it is in fact deeply systematic, according to research on the issue by Mohsin Alam Bhat, a professor from Jindal Global University Sonipat, and Asaf Ali, a researcher at the Centre for Policy Research and India Housing
Their report included more than 200 interviews with house owners, brokers, and tenants, in-depth field research in 15 neighbourhoods and housing communities in Mumbai and Delhi. In the research, they found the discrimination “systematic and writ large.”
Ali explains that in some cases, a tenant has a neutral-sounding name, but when brokers and owners find out that the tenant is a Muslim, their general response is, “Aap Musalman dikhte nahi” - “You don’t look like a Muslim.”
“In many incidents, they have been asked to vacate the house in the middle of the month without any notice just because they are Muslim,” said Ali.
SEGREGATED SPACES AND MARKETS
The everyday rise in discrimination and hate speech against Muslim minorities subsequently affects the mindset of people. “It used to happen before as well but in recent years I've seen a drastic change in owners' behaviour towards Muslim tenets,” a broker from Malviya Nagar, New Delhi, who wished to stay anonymous due to the sensitivity of the topic, told FairPlanet.
In Delhi, areas like Hauz Rani and Jamia Nagar are Muslim-majority areas and are often regarded as "mini-Pakistans." Brokers often suggest Muslim tenants to live in a “Muslim zone” where it will be easier to find housing. This splits Muslims into different clusters, making the country’s segregation saliently evident.
This kind of discrimination is rampant in cities where millions of people move every year to make a living, forcing many Muslims to live in vulnerable conditions. Sometimes tenets also agree to some unnecessary and absurd demands by the owners just to get the desired accommodations.
“When you are in need of a house, you don’t give up when these incidents happen. Muslim tenants agree to bizarre rules by owners because they are also not able to find accommodation,” explained Ali.
When some Muslims do succeed in finding a house outside Muslim-concentrated areas, their search is often fraught with struggle, frustration, humiliation and rejection.
“The fear of safety is always on their mind. Violence can break out anytime and you'll be removed from your houses,” said Asaf Ali.
“People feel a sense of security when they do find a house where the owners don't have religious prejudice, but if they don’t there is always a sense of fear,” said Nayla Khwaja.
Many tenants are asked to hide their religious identity if they wish to find a house in their desired area. Back in 2018, Sarah Khan, a researcher from Delhi, was looking for a rental flat in Mumbai. When she mentioned her full name to the broker, the broker replied, “If you wear a hijab, you will have to remove it.”
Brokers tend to want to avoid the hassle. “We understand [the discrimination] but can’t do anything about it. We do not want to lose out on business, so we try to close the deal,” one anonymous broker from Mumbai told FairPlanet.
Indian American Muslim Council
@IAMCouncil
The Muslim community is less differentiated within, along class and caste lines. But they experience clear collective deprivation, write
@jaffrelotc
and Kalaiyarasan A
https://twitter.com/IAMCouncil/status/1695232087526113388?s=20
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BJP’s Pasmanda Muslim outreach: It’s not as divided as you think
The Muslim community is less differentiated within, along class and caste lines. But they experience clear collective deprivation
Written by Christophe Jaffrelot , Kalaiyarasan A
Updated: August 25, 2023 17:20 IST
Newsguard
https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/christophe-jaffrelot-kalaiyarasan-a-write-on-bjps-pasmanda-muslim-outreach-its-not-as-divided-as-you-think-8908162/
A couple of months ago, in his address to BJP workers in Bhopal, Prime Minister Narendra Modi emphasised that the party’s outreach to poor Muslims could take advantage of the “extreme exploitation of backward Pasmanda Muslims” by upper-caste Muslims and the parties playing the game of vote bank politics. This speech and the recent co-option of Pasmanda Muslims by the BJP have renewed the debate on caste among Muslims in India. While one cannot deny or disown the persistence of caste among Indian Muslims, in terms of socio-economic inequality, it is much less significant than among Hindus.
There are three broad groupings of Muslim castes — Ashrafs, Ajlafs and Arzals — which approximate to upper castes, OBCs and Dalits respectively. However, Dalit Muslims don’t self-identify as Scheduled Castes in survey data as they don’t enjoy reservation. Their castes are usually listed in the OBC category. OBCs constitute about 60 per cent of Indian Muslims, followed by 38 per cent of upper castes and the remaining 2 per cent constitute SC/STs. These groups, however, are unevenly distributed geographically. Pasmandas, comprising OBCs and Dalits, constitute 76 per cent of Muslims in UP and Bihar, for instance.
Drawing on the latest All India Debt and Investment Survey (AIDIS) and Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS), we use multidimensional variables — wealth consumption, access to jobs and educational attainment — to evaluate social inequalities among Indian Muslims and to compare them with the situation prevailing among Hindus.
The average per capita wealth among Hindu upper castes was Rs 8,64,984 in 2019, as against Rs 4,27,149 for OBCs, and Rs 2,28,437 for Dalits. The figures for upper-caste Muslims and OBCs were Rs 3,43,014 and Rs 3,10,922, respectively. In other words, on average, the wealth of Hindu upper castes was more than three times that of Dalits and twice that of OBCs, while this gap was just 10 per cent among Muslims. In Bihar, where Pasmanda Muslims are in large numbers, wealth inequality among Muslims is insignificant — just 2 per cent — and in Madhya Pradesh, Pasmanda Muslims do better than Ashrafs in wealth accumulation by 14 percentage points. By contrast, the gap is 43 per cent in UP, where there are remnants of landed Muslim aristocracy. However, if we compare the wealth gap among the Hindus of UP, on average, the Hindu upper castes own almost twice as much wealth as OBCs and three times as much as Dalits.
A similar trend can be observed in consumption, too. In 2021-22, the average per capita monthly expenditure among the Muslim upper castes was Rs 2,180, as against Rs 2,151 among Pasmandas, a margin of 1.4 per cent. The corresponding figures for Hindus were quite different: Upper castes, with Rs 3,321, consumed 40 per cent more than OBCs (Rs 2,180) and 57 per cent more than Dalits (Rs 2,122). The gap among Muslims was rather small in UP (6.2 per cent) and Bihar (10 per cent), while it stood at, respectively, 48 per cent for the Hindu upper castes vis-Ã -vis OBCs and 60 per cent vis-Ã -vis Dalits in UP, and 27 per cent and 48 per cent in Bihar.
The Muslim community is less differentiated within, along class and caste lines. But they experience clear collective deprivation
by Christophe Jaffrelot
https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/christophe-jaffrelot-kalaiyarasan-a-write-on-bjps-pasmanda-muslim-outreach-its-not-as-divided-as-you-think-8908162/
In terms of educational attainment too, Ashrafs and Pasmandas are not so different. In 2021-22, the percentage of upper caste Muslim youth (18 to 23 years) attending higher educational institutions was the same as the Pasmandas: 19.8 per cent. By contrast, the percentage of Hindu youth in higher education among upper castes was as high as 46.5 per cent, while it was 36 per cent for OBCs and 26 per cent for Dalits. Interestingly, in UP and Madhya Pradesh, Pasmandas do even better than their upper-caste counterparts. In fact, in UP, Muslim upper castes are experiencing negative growth in educational attendance. As a result, their enrollment came down to 12 per cent in 2021-22, as against 14 per cent in 2011-12 — an unprecedented development in the history of India so far as we know, simply because every group, so far, has experienced greater access to higher education.
Muslims’ lower access to education gets reflected in access to regular jobs. The percentage of salaried workers among Muslims is 19.3 per cent as against 21.5 per cent for Hindus. But, again, there is no difference between Muslim upper castes and Pasmandas. In contrast, the percentage of salaried workers among Hindu upper castes is 33 per cent as against 19.9 per cent for Hindu OBCs and 21.5 per cent for Dalits. In states such as UP, Bihar, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka, Pasmanda Muslims do better than their upper-caste counterparts, whereas Hindu upper castes still control most of the coveted jobs.
In sum, Muslims are less differentiated along class and caste lines than Hindus: While Hindus form an extremely unequal community, with upper castes being very resilient net gainers, Muslims are experiencing collective deprivation. That said, BJP leaders may still “divide and rule” Muslims by co-opting Pasmandas — the way they have done with Shias and Bohras — as well as by exploiting status-related faultlines, which remain strong even if class-based distinctions are much less visible than on the Hindu side. In UP, during the recent local body elections, the BJP nominated 395 Muslim candidates and 61 won. Three-fourths of these 395 candidates were Pasmandas. By contrast, in the previous local elections, the party had fielded only 180 Muslim candidates, with only one winning.
Muslims are the poorest religious group in India
By
Abhishek Jha
,
Roshan Kishore
Jun 30, 2023 09:22 AM IST
An HT analysis of unit level data from the latest AIDIS and PLFS shows they have the lowest asset and consumption levels among major religious groups in India
https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/muslims-in-india-the-poorest-religious-group-with-high-inequality-and-limited-opportunities-data-analysis-reveals-101688097160955.html
An HT analysis of unit level data from the latest AIDIS and PLFS shows they have the lowest asset and consumption levels among major religious groups in India
The first of this two-part data series looked at intra-religious inequality among Muslims and found that they are as unequal a society as Hindus in India. These measures of inequality do not tell us about the material well-being (or lack of it) of Muslims as a whole vis–a-vis other religious groups in India. An analysis of the relevant numbers shows that they are the poorest religious group in the country. Here are four charts which explain this in detail.
Muslims have the lowest asset/consumption levels among major religious groups…
An HT analysis of unit level data from the latest All India Debt and Investment Survey (AIDIS) and Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) shows that they have the lowest asset and consumption levels among major religious groups in India. Average consumption and asset values for Muslims are 87.9% and 79% of the all-India average and 87.8% and 79.3% of the average values for Hindus. Religious groups which have a population share of less than 1% have been clubbed in the “others” category.
Which means that they over-populate the ranks of the poor in India
There is often a lot of dog-whistling about the population of Muslims increasing at a higher pace than other religious groups in India. While most such commentary is ill-informed – this was discussed in detail in these pages (https://tinyurl.com/2mhjxnn2) — Muslims do have an overrepresentation problem when it comes to their relative share in population among the poor. A comparison of relative share – among every decile class by assets ; it basically measures the share in a given decile class divided by overall share in population – shows that Muslims are concentrated in the bottom half of India’s population and outnumber the Hindus in relative terms in each of the bottom six deciles.
Even Muslim upper castes are poorer than Hindu OBCs
A comparison of average asset/MPCE values across social groups among Hindus and Muslims shows this clearly. The average asset value for non-SC/ST/OBC Muslims – they are the non-Pasmanda Muslims – is not just lower than the average value for non-SC/ST/OBC Hindus but also lower than that of Hindu OBCs, which shows that the claims of Muslim upper castes enjoying disproportionate economic power are just not true.
Poor employment and educational opportunities seem to be the primary cause of economic backwardness for Muslims
The PLFS gives data on both the status of workers (whether regular wage, self-employed, or casual) and the type of enterprise (such as government, public and private limited companies) at which a worker is employed. This shows that even non-SC/ST/OBC Muslims have a low share in regular jobs (the average wage in such jobs is the highest) compared to other religions. A comparison with caste groups among Hindus shows that non-SC/ST/OBC Muslims only do better than ST and SC Hindus. The disadvantage for Muslims becomes even bigger if one looks at their share in government jobs, a fact which has been pointed out by the Sachar Committee among others. To be sure, the low share of Muslims among the better jobs in India need not necessarily be a result of discrimination in the hiring process. Rather, it could be the result of Muslim job-seekers lagging in terms of educational qualifications, which is bound to have a big role in employability.
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